Category: Jeff’s translation

Exodus 9

Exodus 9:1 Then Yahveh said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says Yahveh, the God of the Hebrews, “Send my people away, so that they may serve me.

Exodus 9:2 Because if you refuse to send them away and still hold strongly to them,

Exodus 9:3 notice, the hand of Yahveh will fall with a very brutal plague upon your livestock that are in the field, the horses, the donkeys, the camels, the herds, and the flocks.

Exodus 9:4 But Yahveh will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt, so that nothing of all that belongs to the sons of Israel will die.”‘”

Exodus 9:5 And Yahveh set a time, and this is what he said, “Tomorrow Yahveh will do this thing in the land.”

Exodus 9:6 And the next day Yahveh did this thing. All over the place, the livestock of the Egyptians died, but not one of the livestock of the sons of Israel died.

Exodus 9:7 And Pharaoh sent, and notice, not one of the livestock of Israel was dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not send the people away.

Exodus 9:8 And Yahveh said to Moses and Aaron, “Take handfuls of soot from a kiln, and let Moses throw them in the sky[1] in the sight of Pharaoh.

Exodus 9:9 It will become fine dust over all the land of Egypt and become boils breaking out in sores on man and animal throughout all the land of Egypt.”

Exodus 9:10 So they took soot from the kiln and stood before Pharaoh. And Moses threw it into the sky, and it became boils breaking out in sores on man and animal.

Exodus 9:11 And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils, for the boils came upon the magicians and upon all the Egyptians.

Exodus 9:12 But Yahveh made the heart of Pharaoh strong, and he did not listen to them, as Yahveh had spoken to Moses.

Exodus 9:13 Then Yahveh told Moses, “Get up early in the morning and present yourself before Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says Yahveh, the God of the Hebrews, “Send my people away, so that they may serve me.

Exodus 9:14 Because this time I will send all my plagues on you yourself, and on your slaves and your people, so that you may know that none like me exists in all the land.

Exodus 9:15 Because by now I could have put out my hand and struck you and your people with pestilence, and you would have been made to disappear[2] from the land.

Exodus 9:16 But for this purpose I have raised you up, to show you my power, so that my name may be proclaimed in all the land.

Exodus 9:17 You are still exalting yourself against my people and will not send them away.

Exodus 9:18 Notice, about this time tomorrow I will cause very heavy hail to fall, such as never has been in Egypt from the day it was founded until now.

Exodus 9:19 So now send word, get your livestock and all the people whom you have in the field into safe shelter, because every man and beast that is in the field and is not gathered home will die when the hail falls on them.” ‘”

Exodus 9:20 Then whoever feared the word of Yahveh among the slaves of Pharaoh hurried his slaves and his livestock into the houses,

Exodus 9:21 but whoever did not pay attention to the word of Yahveh left his slaves and his livestock in the field.

Exodus 9:22 Then Yahveh said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward the sky, so that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, on man and animal and every plant of the field, in the land of Egypt.”

Exodus 9:23 Then Moses stretched out his staff toward the sky, and Yahveh sent thunder and hail, and fire ran down to the land. And Yahveh rained hail upon the land of Egypt.

Exodus 9:24 There was hail and lightning flashing continually in the midst of the hail, very heavy hail, such as had never been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.

Exodus 9:25 The hail destroyed everything that was in the field in all the land of Egypt, both man and animal. And the hail struck down every plant of the field and stripped every tree of the field.

Exodus 9:26 Only in the land of Goshen, where the people of Israel were, was there no hail.

Exodus 9:27 Then Pharaoh sent and called Moses and Aaron and said to them, “This time I have failed; Yahveh is in the right, and I and my people are in the wrong.

Exodus 9:28 Plead with Yahveh, because there has been enough of God’s thunder and hail. I will send you away, and you will stay no longer.”

Exodus 9:29 Moses told him, “When I have gone out of the city, I will reach out my hands to Yahveh. The thunder will cease, and there will be no more hail, so that you may know that the land is Yahveh’s.

Exodus 9:30 But I know that you and your slaves do not yet fear the face of Yahveh God.”

Exodus 9:31 (The flax and the barley were struck down, because the barley was fresh and the flax was in bud.

Exodus 9:32 But the wheat and the spelt were not struck down, because they are late in coming up.)

Exodus 9:33 So Moses went outside the city, away from Pharaoh and reached out his hands to Yahveh, and the thunder and the hail ceased, and the rain no longer poured upon the land.

Exodus 9:34 But when Pharaoh saw that the rain and the hail and the thunder had ceased, he failed to keep his promise yet again and hardened his heart, he and his slaves.

Exodus 9:35 So the heart of Pharaoh was made strong, and he did not send the sons of Israel away, just as Yahveh had predicted. through Moses.

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[1] שָׁמַיִם = sky. Exodus 9:8, 10, 22, 23; 10:21, 22; 16:4; 17:14; 20:4, 11, 22; 24:10; 31:17; 32:13.

[2]  כָּחַד = make to disappear. Exodus 9:15; 23:23.

Exodus 9 quotes:

“So Yahweh declares the intention to strengthen or stiffen Pharaoh’s resolve. I imagine Pharaoh hearing this voice saying, “No, don’t be soft; it would be stupid to let them go’; but it is Pharaoh who decides whether to listen to this voice. Thus, when Moses and Aaron perform their signs, Exodus more often speaks of Pharaoh’s resolve being strong or firm and of Pharaoh’s strengthening or stiffening his own resolve than of God’s strengthening or stiffening it. The three ways of speaking are all significant. Saying, “Pharaoh’s resolve was strong or firm” simply reports the phenomenon. Saying, “Pharaoh strengthened or stiffened his resolve” makes clear that Pharaoh’s will is involved; this is not a decision imposed on him from outside. Saying, “God strengthened or stiffened Pharaoh’s resolve” makes clear that God is also at work. Referring to God’s intention first affirms that God’s sovereignty is involved, but in describing how things actually work out, Exodus refers first to Pharaohs resolve being strong or firm (Exodus 7:13, 14, 22) and to Pharaoh’ stiffening his own resolve (Exodus 8:15, 32) before speaking of God’s strengthening Pharaohs resolve (Exodus 9:12). That order again makes clear how significant is Pharaoh’s human involvement. He is not just a puppet in God’s hands.”

Goldingay, John. Exodus and Leviticus for Everyone. First edition, Westminster John Knox Press, 2010. p. 37.

“Exodus 9 presents the fifth, sixth, and seventh plagues. The livestock pestilence (fifth) and the plague of boils (sixth) conclude the second cycle of three (flies-livestock-boils) and the text presents them in abbreviated form. Pharaoh responds very briefly to the fifth plague and not at all to the sixth. The Lord simply informs Moses of the pestilence on the livestock (vv. 1-5) and the pestilence of boils (vv. 8-9); they broke out (vv. 6, 10-11); and the text reports Pharaoh’s hard heart (vv. 7, 12). The chapter describes the storm of thunder, hail, and lightning, the seventh plague, in fuller form because it begins the third and final cycle (hail-locustsdarkness). This last cycle intensifies the struggle for control between Yahweh and Pharaoh for the service (worship) of the children of Israel. In this chapter we also see the transition from Pharaoh’s hardening of his (own) heart, to the Lord as the one who hardened Pharaoh’s heart as the exit from Egypt approaches (vv. 7, 12).”

Bruckner, James K. Exodus. Hendrickson Publishers ; Paternoster, 2008. p. 86.

“The struggle with Pharaoh was not arbitrary; its purpose was both revelatory and redemptive.”

Dalglish, Edward R. The Great Deliverance : Studies in the Book of Exodus. Broadman Press, 1977. p. 45.

Exodus 9 links:

Exodus- warnings
fearing the face
gone too far
handfuls of soot
having thoroughly investigated…
kachad
left exposed
The sky God is supreme

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Maranatha Daily Devotional – Wednesday, March 13, 2019

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EXODUS in Jeff’s library

Exodus 7

Exodus 7:1 And Yahveh said to Moses, “See, I have given you like God to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron will be your prophet.

Exodus 7:2 You will tell all that I command you, and your brother Aaron will tell Pharaoh to send the sons of Israel out of his land.

Exodus 7:3 But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and although I will multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,

Exodus 7:4 Pharaoh will not listen to you. Then I will give my hand to Egypt and bring my armies, my people the sons of Israel, out of the land of Egypt by great acts of judgment.

Exodus 7:5 The Egyptians will know that I am Yahveh, when I stretch out my hand against Egypt and expel the sons of Israel from among them.”

Exodus 7:6 Moses and Aaron did this; they did just as Yahveh commanded them.

Exodus 7:7 And Moses was already eighty years old, and Aaron eighty-three years old, when they spoke to Pharaoh.

Exodus 7:8 At that time Yahveh spoke to Moses and Aaron, and this is what he said,

Exodus 7:9 “When Pharaoh tells you, ‘Give for yourselves a miracle,’ then you will say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, that it may become a crocodile.'”[1]

Exodus 7:10 So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and did just as Yahveh commanded. Aaron threw down his staff before Pharaoh and his slaves, and it became a crocodile.

Exodus 7:11 Then Pharaoh called the wise men and the ones who practice magic, and they, the magicians of Egypt, also did the same by their secret arts.

Exodus 7:12 Because each man threw down his staff, and they became crocodiles. But Aaron’s staff swallowed up their staffs.

Exodus 7:13 Still Pharaoh’s heart was made strong, and he would not listen to them, as Yahveh had spoken.

Exodus 7:14 So Yahveh said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hardened; he refuses to send out the people.

Exodus 7:15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning, notice, as he is going out to the water. Stand on the bank of the Nile to meet him and take in your hand the staff that turned into a snake.

Exodus 7:16 And you will say to him, ‘Yahveh, the God of the Hebrews, sent me to you, and this is what he said, “Send away my people, so that they may serve me in the open country. But I noticed so far, you have not obeyed.”

Exodus 7:17 Now Yahveh says, “By this you will know that I am Yahveh: notice, with the staff that is in my hand I will strike the water that is in the Nile, and it will turn into blood.

Exodus 7:18 The fish in the Nile will die, and the Nile will stink, and the Egyptians will get tired of drinking water from the Nile.”‘”

Exodus 7:19 And Yahveh said to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the water sources of Egypt, over their rivers, their canals, and their ponds, and all their pools of water, so that they may become blood, and there will be blood all the way through the land of Egypt, even in containers made of wood and in containers made of stone.'”

Exodus 7:20 Moses and Aaron did what Yahveh commanded. While Pharaoh and his slaves looked on, he lifted up the staff and struck the water in the Nile, and all the water in the Nile turned into blood.

Exodus 7:21 And the fish in the Nile died, and the Nile stank, so that the Egyptians could not drink water from the Nile. There was blood all the way through the land of Egypt.

Exodus 7:22 But the magicians of Egypt did the same by their secret arts. So, Pharaoh’s heart remained strong, and he would not listen to them, as Yahveh had said.

Exodus 7:23 Pharaoh turned and went into his house, and he did not take even this to heart.

Exodus 7:24 And all the Egyptians dug along the Nile for water to drink, because they could not drink the water of the Nile.

Exodus 7:25 Seven full days passed after Yahveh had struck the Nile.

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[1] תַּנִּין = crocodile. Exodus 7:9, 10, 12. (HALOT #10234, B2b).

Exodus 7 quotes:

“Translations usually miss God’s improvisation and the highly symbolic significance of this text. (The NIV unfortunately has “snake.”) The word is not the same one used to refer to Moses’ staff becoming a snake (nakhash) in 4:3. Aaron’s staff became a “monstrous snake” (so Durham, from tannin) or perhaps a “crocodile” (the Egyptian crocodile god was Sobek). In other biblical texts the NIV translates this word as “monster of the deep” (Job 7:12) or as “monster” (Isa. 27:1), associated with Leviathan, the symbol of the chaos of the sea (see also Pss. 74:13; 148:7; Isa. 51:9; Jer. 51:34; Gen. 1:21). The word occurs in parallel verse with “cobra” in Deuteronomy 32:33 and Psalm 91:13. In Ezekiel it is a symbol of the pharaoh (Ezek. 29:3; 32:2). The point is that it was a large and terrifying reptile that was a symbol of Pharaoh’s power and the chaos he had brought upon the children of Israel. The emphasis stands in contrast to verse 15, where Moses’ staff “that was changed into a snake” once again uses the common word for snake (nakhash).”

Bruckner James K. Exodus. Hendrickson Publishers ; Paternoster 2008. p. 75-76.

“… the contest is between Yahweh and the gods of Egypt—a power struggle to determine who is in control of human affairs. Of course, Yahweh will ultimately prevail, and perhaps 7:3—regardless of the problematic nature—is an important means by which the text declares Yahweh’s ultimate sovereignty over all life. Exodus 7:5 affirms this perspective. When the matter is finally settled, “the Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh.” Pharaoh’s struggle is with the sovereign Lord of all creation.”

Newsome, James D. Exodus. 1st ed, Geneva Press, 1998. p. 29.

” After the obedience, the manifestation of the promise occurs. This is always the pattern.”

Dean, Jennifer Kennedy. Fueled by Faith : Living Vibrantly in the Power of Prayer. New Hope Publishers, 2005. p. 125.

Exodus 7 links:

Exodus- contest
getting Egypt’s attention
when miracles are insufficient
where we live

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Maranatha Daily Devotional – Friday, March 12, 2021
Maranatha Daily Devotional – Tuesday, March 12, 2019
Maranatha Daily Devotional – Tuesday, March 14, 2023

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EXODUS in Jeff’s library

Exodus 5

Exodus 5:1 After that, Moses and Aaron went and said to Pharaoh, “This is what Yahveh – the God of Israel – says, ‘Let my people go, so that they may hold a feast to me in the open country.'”

Exodus 5:2 But Pharaoh said, “Who is Yahveh, that I should obey his voice and let Israel go? I do not know Yahveh, and I will not also let Israel go.”

Exodus 5:3 Then they said, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Please let us go a three days’ journey into the open country that we may sacrifice to Yahveh our God, or else he will fall upon us with pestilence or with the sword.”

Exodus 5:4 But the king of Egypt said to them, “Moses and Aaron, why do you take the people away from their work? Get back to your burdens.”

Exodus 5:5 And Pharaoh said, “Notice, the people of the land are now many, and you are making them rest from their burdens!”

Exodus 5:6 The same day Pharaoh commanded the slavedrivers of the people and their foremen,

Exodus 5:7 “You will no longer provide straw for the people to make bricks, as you have in the past; let them go and gather straw for themselves.

Exodus 5:8 But you will impose on them the same number of bricks that they made in the past, you will not reduce it, because they are lazy. Therefore, they cry, ‘Let us go and offer sacrifice to our God.’

Exodus 5:9 Let heavier work be laid on the men that they may labor at it and pay no regard to lying words.”

Exodus 5:10 So the slavedrivers and the foremen of the people went out and said to the people, “Thus says Pharaoh, ‘I will not give you straw.

Exodus 5:11 Go and get your straw yourselves wherever you can find it, but your work will not be reduced at all.'”

Exodus 5:12 So the people were scattered throughout all the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw.

Exodus 5:13 The slavedrivers pressed them, and this is what they said, “Finish your work, your daily task each day, just as when there was straw.”

Exodus 5:14 And the foremen of the people of Israel, whom Pharaoh’s slavedrivers had set over them, were beaten and were asked, “Why have you not done all your prescribed task[1] of making bricks today and yesterday, as in the past?”

Exodus 5:15 Then the foremen of the people of Israel came and cried to Pharaoh, and this is what they said “Why do you treat your slaves like this?

Exodus 5:16 No straw is given to your slaves, yet they say to us, ‘Make bricks!’ And notice, your slaves are beaten; but your own people have failed.”[2]

Exodus 5:17 But he said, “You are lazy, you are lazy; that is why you say, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to Yahveh.’

Exodus 5:18 Go now and get to work. No straw will be given you, but you must still deliver the same number of bricks.”

Exodus 5:19 The foremen of the people of Israel saw that they were in trouble when they said, “You will not reduce your number of bricks, your daily task each day.”

Exodus 5:20 They met Moses and Aaron, who stood before them, as they came out from Pharaoh;

Exodus 5:21 and they said to them, “Yahveh look on you and judge, because you have made us stink in the eyes of Pharaoh and his slaves and have put a sword in their hand to kill us.”

Exodus 5:22 Then Moses turned to Yahveh and said, “O LORD, why have you done evil to this people? Why did you ever send me?

Exodus 5:23 Because since I came to Pharaoh to speak in your name, he has done evil to this people, and you have not stripped your people at all.”

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[1]  חֹק = prescribed task. Exodus 5:14; 12:24; 15:25, 26; 18:16, 20; 29:28; 30:21.

[2] חָטָא = fail. Exodus 5:16; 9:27, 34; 10:16; 20:20; 23:33; 29:36; 32:30, 31, 33.0; 29:28; 30:21.

Exodus 5 quotes:

“Here Moses was, finally doing God’s will God’s way. And what happened? Everything went wrong! Pharaoh rejected his request and tightened the screws of oppression on the Hebrews. Even Moses’ people turned against him, faulting him for their increased labors.”

Swindoll, Charles R., and William D. Watkins. Moses, God’s Man for a Crisis Bible Study Guide from the Bible-Teaching Ministry of Charles R. Swindoll. Insight for Living ; Distributed by Word, Educational Products Division, 1985. p. 62.

“First, Moses went to the source of the enslavement he wanted to destroy—the Pharaoh (Exodus 5:1). We too must go the sources of the slavery we want to end. If our children are being oppressed by false philosophies in their schools, then we must go to the school boards with our complaints instead of talking behind their backs. If laws in our communities are inadequate or unfair, then let us go to the sources of these laws to seek changes.”

Staton, Knofel. Struggle for Freedom. New Life Books, 1977. p. 29.

“Exodus 5 sees the full engagement of the conflict concerning who was in control and who would be served. The Egyptian perspective was that the hierarchy of service went as follows: Pharaoh — other gods > Egyptians > other peoples including the Hebrews. The book of Exodus has another perspective: Yahweh — Moses, Aaron, and the Hebrews > Pharaoh. The conflict between these two political models will not be resolved until 12:31-33, when Pharaoh says, “Leave … Go, worship the LORD.” Here in Exodus 5, however, the pharaoh wins the first round. Moses is in the midst of the fray when God renews his call in Exodus 6. God does not leave him without guidance when Moses seeks the face of the Lord.”

Bruckner, James K. Exodus. Hendrickson Publishers ; Paternoster, 2008. p. 62.

Exodus 5 links:

behind the scenes
Exodus- pressure
resistance to the miracle

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Maranatha Daily Devotional – Thursday, March 11, 2021

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EXODUS in Jeff’s library