Category: Jeff’s translation

Leviticus 13

Leviticus 13:1 Yahveh spoke to Moses and Aaron, and this is what he said,

Leviticus 13:2 “When a human has on the outer layer of his skin a swelling or an eruption or a spot, and it turns into a case of skin disease[1] on the outer layer of his skin, then he will be brought to Aaron the priest or to one of his sons the priests,

Leviticus 13:3 and the priest will examine the diseased area on the outer layer of his skin. And if the hair in the diseased area has turned white and the disease appears to be deeper than the outer layer of his skin, it is a case of leprous disease. When the priest has examined him, he will pronounce him contaminated.

Leviticus 13:4 But if the spot is white in the outer layer of his skin and appears no deeper than the skin, and the hair in it has not turned white, the priest will isolate the diseased person for seven days.

Leviticus 13:5 And the priest will examine him on the seventh day, and if he notices in his eyes the disease is checked and the disease has not spread in the skin, then the priest will shut him up for another seven days.

Leviticus 13:6 And the priest will examine him again on the seventh day, and if he notices the diseased area has faded and the disease has not spread in the skin, then the priest will pronounce him clean; it is only a scab. And he will wash his clothes and be clean.

Leviticus 13:7 But if the scab spreads in the skin, after he has shown himself to the priest for his cleansing, he will appear again before the priest.

Leviticus 13:8 And the priest will look, and if he notices the scab has spread in the skin, then the priest will pronounce him contaminated; it is a leprous disease.

Leviticus 13:9 “When a human is afflicted with a leprous disease, he will be brought to the priest,

Leviticus 13:10 and the priest will look. And if he notices there is a white swelling in the skin that has turned the hair white, and there is raw flesh in the swelling,

Leviticus 13:11 it is a chronic leprous disease in the outer layer of his skin, and the priest will pronounce him contaminated. He will not isolate him, because he is contaminated.

Leviticus 13:12 And if the leprous disease breaks out in the skin, so that the leprous disease covers all the skin of the diseased person from head to foot, so far as the priest can see,

Leviticus 13:13 then the priest will look, and if he notices the leprous disease has covered all his body, he will pronounce him clean of the disease; it has all turned white, and he is pure.

Leviticus 13:14 But when raw flesh appears on him, he will be contaminated.

Leviticus 13:15 And the priest will examine the raw flesh and pronounce him contaminated. Raw flesh is contaminated, because it is a leprous disease.

Leviticus 13:16 But if the raw flesh recovers and turns white again, then he will come to the priest,

Leviticus 13:17 and the priest will examine him, and if he notices the disease has turned white, then the priest will pronounce the diseased person clean; he is pure.

Leviticus 13:18 “If there is in the outer layer of someone’s skin a boil and it heals,

Leviticus 13:19 and in the place of the boil there comes a white swelling or a reddish-white spot, then it will be shown to the priest.

Leviticus 13:20 And the priest will look, and if he notices that it appears deeper than the skin and its hair has turned white, then the priest will pronounce him contaminated. It is a case of leprous disease that has broken out in the boil.

Leviticus 13:21 But if the priest examines it and notices that there is no white hair in it and it is not deeper than the skin, but has faded, then the priest will shut him up seven days.

Leviticus 13:22 And if it spreads in the skin, then the priest will pronounce him contaminated; it is a disease.

Leviticus 13:23 But if the spot remains in one place and does not spread, it is the scar of the boil, and the priest will pronounce him clean.

Leviticus 13:24 “Or, when a body has a burn on its skin and the raw flesh of the burn becomes a spot, reddish-white or white,

Leviticus 13:25 the priest will examine it, and if he notices that the hair in the spot has turned white and it appears deeper than the skin, then it is a leprous disease. It has broken out in the burn, and the priest will pronounce him contaminated; it is a case of leprous disease.

Leviticus 13:26 But if the priest examines it and notices that there is no white hair in the spot and it is no deeper than the skin, but has faded, the priest will isolate him seven days,

Leviticus 13:27 and the priest will examine him the seventh day. If it is spreading in the skin, then the priest will pronounce him contaminated; it is a case of leprous disease.

Leviticus 13:28 But if the spot remains in one place and does not spread in the skin, but has faded, it is a swelling from the burn, and the priest will pronounce him clean, because it is the scar of the burn.

Leviticus 13:29 “When a man or woman has a disease on the head or the beard,

Leviticus 13:30 the priest will examine the disease. And if he notices that it appears deeper than the skin, and the hair in it is yellow and thin, then the priest will pronounce him contaminated. It is an itch, a leprous disease of the head or the beard.

Leviticus 13:31 And if the priest examines the itching disease and notices that it appears no deeper than the skin and there is no black hair in it, then the priest will isolate the person with the itching disease for seven days,

Leviticus 13:32 and on the seventh day the priest will examine the disease. If he notices that the itch has not spread, and there is in it no yellow hair, and the itch appears to be no deeper than the skin,

Leviticus 13:33 then he will shave himself, but the itch he will not shave; and the priest will isolate the person with the itching disease for another seven days.

Leviticus 13:34 And on the seventh day the priest will examine the itch, and if he notices that the itch has not spread in the skin and it appears to be no deeper than the skin, then the priest will pronounce him clean. And he will wash his clothes and be clean.

Leviticus 13:35 But if the itch spreads in the skin after his cleansing,

Leviticus 13:36 then the priest will examine him, and if he notices that the itch has spread in the skin, the priest need not seek for the yellow hair; he is contaminated.

Leviticus 13:37 But if in his eyes the itch is unchanged and black hair has grown in it, the itch is healed and he is pure, and the priest will pronounce him clean.

Leviticus 13:38 “When a man or a woman has spots on the outer layer of their skin, white spots,

Leviticus 13:39 the priest will look, and if he notices that the spots on the outer layer of their skin are of a dull white, it is leukoderma that has broken out in the skin; he is pure.

Leviticus 13:40 “If a man’s hair falls out from his head, he is bald; he is pure.

Leviticus 13:41 If he loses the hair from his face and temples, he has baldness of the forehead but he is pure.

Leviticus 13:42 But if there is on the bald head or the bald forehead a reddish-white diseased area, it is a leprous disease breaking out on his bald head or his bald forehead.

Leviticus 13:43 Then the priest will examine him, and if he notices that the diseased swelling is reddish white on his bald head or on his bald forehead, like the appearance of leprous disease in the outer layer of his skin,

Leviticus 13:44 he is a leprous man, he is contaminated. The priest must pronounce him contaminated; his disease is on his head.

Leviticus 13:45 “The leprous person who has the disease will wear torn clothes and let the hair of his head hang loose, and he will cover his upper lip and cry out, ‘contaminated, contaminated.’

Leviticus 13:46 He will stay contaminated as long as he has the disease. He is contaminated. He will stay alone. His dwelling will be outside the camp.

Leviticus 13:47 “When there is a case of leprous disease in clothes, whether woolen or linen clothes,

Leviticus 13:48 in warp or woof of linen or wool, or in a skin or in anything made of skin,

Leviticus 13:49 if the disease is greenish or reddish in the clothes, or in the skin or in the warp or the woof or in any container made of skin, it is a case of leprous disease, and it will be shown to the priest.

Leviticus 13:50 And the priest will examine the disease and isolate that which has the disease for seven days.

Leviticus 13:51 Then he will examine the disease on the seventh day. If the disease has spread in the clothes, in the warp or the woof, or in the skin, whatever be the use of the skin, the disease is a persistent leprous disease; it is contaminated.

Leviticus 13:52 And he will burn the clothes, or the warp or the woof, the wool or the linen, or any container made of skin that is diseased, because it is a persistent leprous disease. It will be burned in the fire.

Leviticus 13:53 “And if the priest examines, and if he notices that the disease has not spread in the clothes, in the warp or the woof or in any container made of skin,

Leviticus 13:54 then the priest will command that they wash the thing in which is the disease, and he will isolate it for another seven days.

Leviticus 13:55 And the priest will examine the diseased thing after it has been washed. And if he notices that the appearance of the diseased area has not changed, though the disease has not spread, it is contaminated. You will burn it in the fire, whether the rot is on the back or on the front.

Leviticus 13:56 “But if the priest examines, and if the diseased area has faded after it has been washed, he will tear it out of the clothes or the skin or the warp or the woof.

Leviticus 13:57 Then if it appears again in the clothes, in the warp or the woof, or in any container made of skin, it is spreading. You will burn with fire whatever has the disease.

Leviticus 13:58 But the clothes, or the warp or the woof, or any container made of skin from which the disease departs when you have washed it, will then be washed a second time, and be clean.”

Leviticus 13:59 This is the instruction for a case of leprous disease in wool or linen clothing, either in the warp or the woof, or in any container made of skin, to determine whether it is clean or contaminated.

[1] צָרָעַת = skin disease (not leprosy. HALOT 8200). Leviticus 13:2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 20, 25, 27, 30, 42, 43, 47, 49, 51, 52, 59; 14:3, 7, 32, 34, 44, 54, 55, 57.

Leviticus 13 quotes:

“These four appearances—swellings, eruptions, spots, or itch—are characteristic of many difterent skin diseases, however, and cannot be regarded as four different manifestations of a single disease, and especially not leprosy.”

Shellberg, Pamela. Cleansed Lepers, Cleansed Hearts : Purity and Healing in Luke-Acts. Fortress Press, 2015. p. 35.

“Now, the illnesses discernible in Leviticus 13 in no way correspond to leprosy. The identification of leprosy with the skin manifestations described in this chapter, advocated especially by Christians, skin manifestations caused by God and thus prompting exclusion from any fellowship with him and human beings in general, was thus a horrible mistake, quite apart from the fact that Jesus himself certainly had no fear of those sick with leprosy (cf. Mark 1:40f.; Matt. 10:7f.). Indeed, all the maladies classified in Leviticus 13 as contaminating are curable (cf. Lev. 13:37; 14:2f.), whereas in contrast, true leprosy was absolutely incurable given the medical conditions of that time.”

Gerstenberger, Erhard S. Leviticus : A Commentary. 1st American ed, Westminster John Knox Press, 1996. p. 156.

“At stake there is a description of who is unworthy to be part of the holy community, to approach the Lord in the holy place (Lev. 21:18). In this regard, the concerns are with states of being rather than functions. Persons who have a blemish, who are blind or lame, who have a mutilated face or a limb too long, an injured foot or hand, a hunchback , a sight defect, an itching disease or scabs, or crushed testicles, all of these are certainly capable of doing. But their specific condition describes a state of unwholeness and thus they are not permitted to join in the social behavior of group worship of God. Again, the issue is one of a state of unworthiness, not the loss of bodily activities.”

Pilch, John J. Healing in the New Testament : Insights from Medical and Mediterranean Anthropology. Fortress Press, 2000. p, 113.

Leviticus 13 links:

boils and scars
chronically contaminated
clothes and containers
deeper than the outer layer
false diagnosis
fortnight itch
from burn to worse
hope without compromise
hope without compromise-
visible devotion

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LEVITICUS in Jeff’s library

Leviticus 11

Leviticus 11:1 And Yahveh spoke to Moses and Aaron, and this is what he said to them,

Leviticus 11:2 “Speak to the people of Israel, and this is what you should say, these are the living things that you may eat among all the animals that are on the land.

Leviticus 11:3 Whatever parts the hoof and is cloven-footed and chews the cud, among the animals, you may eat.

Leviticus 11:4 However, among those that chew the cud or part the hoof, you will not eat these: The camel, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:5 And the rock badger, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:6 And the hare, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:7 And the pig, because it parts the hoof and is cloven-footed but does not chew the cud, is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:8 You will not eat any of their meat, and you will not touch their carcasses; they are contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:9 “These you may eat, of all that are in the water. Everything in the water that has fins and scales, whether in the seas or in the rivers, you may eat.

Leviticus 11:10 But anything in the seas or the rivers that does not have fins and scales, of the swarming creatures in the water and of the living throats that are in the water, is taboo to you.

Leviticus 11:11 You will regard them as detestable; [1] you will not eat any of their meat, and you will detest their carcasses.

Leviticus 11:12 Everything in the water that does not have fins and scales is taboo to you.

Leviticus 11:13 “And these you will regard as taboo among the birds; they will not be eaten; they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

Leviticus 11:14 the kite, the falcon of any kind,

Leviticus 11:15 every raven of any kind,

Leviticus 11:16 the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the hawk of any kind,

Leviticus 11:17 the little owl, the cormorant, the short-eared owl,

Leviticus 11:18 the barn owl, the tawny owl, the carrion vulture,

Leviticus 11:19 the stork, the heron of any kind, the duchifat, and the bat.

Leviticus 11:20 “All winged insects that go on all fours are taboo to you.

Leviticus 11:21 Yet among the winged insects that go on all fours you may eat those that have jointed legs above their feet, with which to hop on the ground.

Leviticus 11:22 Of them you may eat: the locust of any kind, the bald locust of any kind, the cricket of any kind, and the grasshopper of any kind.

Leviticus 11:23 But all other winged insects that have four feet are taboo to you.

Leviticus 11:24 “And by these you will become contaminated. Whoever touches their carcass will be contaminated until the evening,

Leviticus 11:25 and whoever carries any part of their carcass will wash his clothes and be contaminated until the evening.

Leviticus 11:26 Every animal that parts the hoof but is not cloven-footed or does not chew the cud is contaminated to you. Everyone who touches them will be contaminated.

Leviticus 11:27 And all that walk on their paws, among the animals that go on all fours, are contaminated to you. Whoever touches their carcass will be contaminated until the evening,

Leviticus 11:28 and he who carries their carcass will wash his clothes and be contaminated until the evening; they are contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:29 “And these are contaminated to you among the swarming things that swarm on the ground: the mole rat, the mouse, the great lizard of any kind,

Leviticus 11:30 the gecko, the monitor lizard, the lizard, the sand lizard, and the chameleon.

Leviticus 11:31 These are contaminated to you among all that swarm. Whoever touches them when they are dead will be contaminated until the evening.

Leviticus 11:32 And anything on which any of them falls when they are dead will be contaminated, whether it is an container of wood or clothes or a skin or a sack, any container that is used for any purpose. It must be put into water, and it will be contaminated until the evening; then it will be clean.

Leviticus 11:33 And if any of them falls into any clay pottery container, all that is in it will be unclean, and you will break it.

Leviticus 11:34 Any food in it that could be eaten, on which water comes, will be contaminated. And all drink that could be drunk from every such container will be contaminated.

Leviticus 11:35 And everything on which any part of their carcass falls will be contaminated. Whether oven or stove, it will be broken in pieces. They are contaminated and will remain contaminated for you.

Leviticus 11:36 Nevertheless, a spring or a cistern holding water will be pure, but whoever touches a carcass in them will be contaminated.

Leviticus 11:37 And if any part of their carcass falls upon any seed grain that is to be planted, it is pure,

Leviticus 11:38 but if water is put on the seed and any part of their carcass falls on it, it is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:39 “And if any animal which you may eat dies, whoever touches its carcass will be contaminated until the evening,

Leviticus 11:40 and whoever eats of its carcass will wash his clothes and be contaminated until the evening. And whoever carries the carcass will wash his clothes and be contaminated until the evening.

Leviticus 11:41 “Every swarming thing that swarms on the ground is taboo; it will not be eaten.

Leviticus 11:42 Whatever goes on its belly, and whatever goes on all fours, or whatever has many feet, any swarming thing that swarms on the ground, you will not eat, because they are taboo.

Leviticus 11:43 You will not make your throats taboo with any swarming thing that swarms, and you will not contaminate yourselves with them, and become contaminated through them.

Leviticus 11:44 Because I am Yahveh your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and be sacred, because I am sacred. You will not contaminate your throats with any swarming thing that crawls on the ground.

Leviticus 11:45 Because I am Yahveh who brought you up out of the land of Egypt to be your God. You will therefore be sacred, because I am sacred.”

Leviticus 11:46 This is the instruction about animal and bird and every living throat that moves through the water and every throat that swarms on the ground,

Leviticus 11:47 to divide between the contaminated and the pure and between the living creature that may be eaten and the living creature that may not be eaten.

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[1] שָׁקַץ = regard as taboo. Leviticus 11:11, 13, 43; 20:25.

Leviticus 11 quotes:

“Then, Leviticus 11-16 discusses situations and conditions that make a person unable, inappropriate, or excused from normal community life. Such persons are relieved of the responsibility of participating in worship or barred from doing so, depending on their situation.”

House, Paul R. Leviticus/Numbers. Broadman & Holman, 1999. p. 6.

“The description of clean and unclean animal species occurs in Leviticus 11, while the next four chapters deal with instances of human uncleanness. More detailed consideration of these regulations will be undertaken at that point, but here it should merely be noted that contact has occurred, and has interfered with the individual’s state of cultic or ceremonial purity. The uncleanness is accidental (‘it is hidden from him’), hence purificatory rites have not been undertaken. Once the offender knows of his guilt, it is his responsibility to offer expiatory sacrifice, since failure to do so would only worsen his own relationship with God, in addition to affecting the well-being of communal existence. One of the greatest spiritual challenges for the Christian in the complexity of contemporary social life is to keep himself unspotted from the world (Jas. 1:27 AV).”

Harrison, R. K. Leviticus, an Introduction and Commentary. Inter-Varsity Press, 1980. p. 69.

“The Christian church has always attracted a strong contingent of folk who would prefer to deal with the spirit and ignore or deny the body. Such “Gnostic” tendencies are met head-on in John by the declaration that “the Word became flesh and lived among us” (John 1:14). It would be hard to imagine a more potent Old Testament parallel to such fleshly affirmation than Leviticus 11-15. This is a God who desires not some disembodied congregation of ethereal spirits to worship and serve him, but rather a God who is working to enable even their foods and fluids and flows to witness to the Lord’s tangible presence in their midst.”

Boyce, Richard Nelson. Leviticus and Numbers. 1st ed, Westminster John Knox Press, 2008. p. 53.

Leviticus 11 links:

death is bad, resurrection is good
devotion that defers to the Savior
fishing license
foot and mouth disease
His preference
pests on the plate
useful for other things
wash and wait

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LEVITICUS in Jeff’s library

Leviticus 10

Leviticus 10:1 But Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, each took his censer and put fire in it and laid incense on it and offered unauthorized fire to Yahveh’s face, which he had not commanded them.

Leviticus 10:2 And fire came out from Yahveh’s face and consumed them, and they died at Yahveh’s face.

Leviticus 10:3 Then Moses said to Aaron, “This is what Yahveh spoke when he said: ‘Among those who are near me I will be sanctified, and to all the people’s face I will be glorified.'” And Aaron kept still.

Leviticus 10:4 And Moses invited Mishael and Elzaphan, the sons of Uzziel the uncle of Aaron, and said to them, “Come near; carry your brothers away from the face of the sanctuary and out of the camp.”

Leviticus 10:5 So they came near and carried them in their shirts out of the camp, as Moses had said.

Leviticus 10:6 And Moses said to Aaron and to Eleazar and Ithamar his sons, “Do not let the hair of your heads hang loose, and do not tear your clothes, or else you will die, and wrath come upon all the congregation; but let your brothers, the whole house of Israel, mourn over the burning that Yahveh has kindled.

Leviticus 10:7 And do not go outside the entrance of the conference tent, or else[1] you will die, because the anointing oil of Yahveh is upon you.” And they did according to the word of Moses.

Leviticus 10:8 And Yahveh spoke to Aaron, and this is what he said,

Leviticus 10:9 “Drink no wine or strong drink, you or your sons with you, when you go into the conference tent, or else you will die. It will be a permanent prescription throughout your generations.

Leviticus 10:10 You are to divide between the sacred and the common, and between the contaminated and the pure,

Leviticus 10:11 and you are to teach the people of Israel all the prescriptions that Yahveh has spoken to them by Moses.”

Leviticus 10:12 Moses spoke to Aaron and to Eleazar and Ithamar, his surviving sons: “Take the tribute offering that is left of Yahveh’s fire offerings, and eat it unleavened beside the altar, because it is most sacred.

Leviticus 10:13 You will eat it in a sacred place, because it is your prescription and your sons’ prescription, from Yahveh’s fire offerings, because so I am commanded.

Leviticus 10:14 But the breast that is waved and the thigh that is contributed you will eat in a pure place, you and your sons and your daughters with you, because they are given as your prescription and your sons’ prescription from the sacrifices for healthy relationships of the people of Israel.

Leviticus 10:15 The thigh that is contributed and the breast that is waved they will bring with the fire offerings of the fat pieces to wave for a wave offering to Yahveh’s face, and it will be yours and your sons’ with you as a permanent prescription, as Yahveh has commanded.”

Leviticus 10:16 Now Moses diligently enquired about the goat of the failure offering, and he noticed it was burned up! And he was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, the surviving sons of Aaron, and this is what he said,

Leviticus 10:17 “Why have you not eaten the failure offering in the place of the sanctuary, since it is a thing most sacred and has been given to you that you may be responsible for the violation of the congregation, to provide reconciliation for them to Yahveh’s face?

Leviticus 10:18 Notice, its blood was not brought into the inner part of the sanctuary. You certainly ought to have eaten it in the sanctuary, as I commanded.”

Leviticus 10:19 And Aaron said to Moses, “Notice, today they have offered their failure offering and their ascending offering to Yahveh’s face, and yet such things as these have happened to me! If I had eaten the failure offering today, would Yahveh have approved?”

Leviticus 10:20 And when Moses heard that, he approved.

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[1] פֶּן= or else.

Leviticus 10 quotes:

“First, it is just possible that Aaron’s sons had been drunk at the time of the unauthorised fire experience, since the Lord tells Aaron seemingly out of the blue in Leviticus 10:9 that they should not drink fermented drink when they go into the Tent of Meeting, or they would die.”

“Furthermore, later on in Leviticus 10 Aaron incurs the wrath of Moses because his two remaining sons make another elementary mistake—remember that all these regulations were brand new to the people, and they didn’t have years of tradition or experience to fall back on. This time Aaron, in some exasperation I have no doubt, pleads his cause with Moses, who understands the extenuating circumstances and lets him off. Once again God makes it clear that although the letter of the law is important, it is the attitude of its adherents that is more important—a fact that Jesus himself was quick enough to point out: ‘Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You give a tenth of your spices—mint, dill and cummin. But you have neglected the more important matters of the law— justice, mercy and faithfulness. You should have practised the latter, without neglecting the former’ (Mt 23:23).”

Fergusson, John. Holy Fire. Kingsway Publications, 1996. pp. 52, 53.

“The word “strange” in Leviticus 10:1 comes from the Hebrew word zar. It is the same word that is used to describe a false god in Psalm 81:9. It is the word used to signify an immoral woman in Proverbs 2:16. It is the word used to denote illegitimate children in Hosea 5:7. Therefore, the “strange fire” must have been taken from somewhere other than the divinely appointed place and was, therefore, unacceptable to God.”

Harris, J. Gerald. Pardoned to Be Priests. Broadman Press, 1988. p. 32.

“This biblical principle has enormous implications. No human being has the right to introduce into religious practice an activity for which the Scriptures provide no approval. We human beings are simply not free in God’s sight to fashion religion and morality according to our own desires. Cain learned that the hard way when he did not offer the precise sacrifice that God had designated (Genesis 4:5-7; Hebrews 11:4; 1 John 3:12). The lives of Nadab and Abihu were snuffed out by God because of what they viewed as a minor adjustment in their offering (Leviticus 10:1-2). They were the right boys, at the right time and place, with the right censers, and the right incense—but the wrong fire. This deviation from God’s precise specifications was “unauthorized” (NIV) fire “which He had not commanded them” (NKJV). The change failed to show God as holy and give Him the respect He deserves (Leviticus 10:3).”

Miller, Dave. Surrendering to His Lordship : The Principle of Authority in the Bible. Apologetics Press, 2012. p. 5.

Leviticus 10 links:

consumed
consumed-
purity and proclamation
representing the King
service, celebration and devotion
staying at your post
stillness in crisis

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Maranatha Daily Devotional – Saturday, July 27, 2024

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LEVITICUS in Jeff’s library