Leviticus 11

Leviticus 11:1 And Yahveh spoke to Moses and Aaron, and this is what he said to them,

Leviticus 11:2 “Speak to the people of Israel, and this is what you should say, these are the living things that you may eat among all the animals that are on the land.

Leviticus 11:3 Whatever parts the hoof and is cloven-footed and chews the cud, among the animals, you may eat.

Leviticus 11:4 However, among those that chew the cud or part the hoof, you will not eat these: The camel, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:5 And the rock badger, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:6 And the hare, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:7 And the pig, because it parts the hoof and is cloven-footed but does not chew the cud, is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:8 You will not eat any of their meat, and you will not touch their carcasses; they are contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:9 “These you may eat, of all that are in the water. Everything in the water that has fins and scales, whether in the seas or in the rivers, you may eat.

Leviticus 11:10 But anything in the seas or the rivers that does not have fins and scales, of the swarming creatures in the water and of the living throats that are in the water, is taboo to you.

Leviticus 11:11 You will regard them as detestable; [1] you will not eat any of their meat, and you will detest their carcasses.

Leviticus 11:12 Everything in the water that does not have fins and scales is taboo to you.

Leviticus 11:13 “And these you will regard as taboo among the birds; they will not be eaten; they are detestable: the eagle, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

Leviticus 11:14 the kite, the falcon of any kind,

Leviticus 11:15 every raven of any kind,

Leviticus 11:16 the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the hawk of any kind,

Leviticus 11:17 the little owl, the cormorant, the short-eared owl,

Leviticus 11:18 the barn owl, the tawny owl, the carrion vulture,

Leviticus 11:19 the stork, the heron of any kind, the duchifat, and the bat.

Leviticus 11:20 “All winged insects that go on all fours are taboo to you.

Leviticus 11:21 Yet among the winged insects that go on all fours you may eat those that have jointed legs above their feet, with which to hop on the ground.

Leviticus 11:22 Of them you may eat: the locust of any kind, the bald locust of any kind, the cricket of any kind, and the grasshopper of any kind.

Leviticus 11:23 But all other winged insects that have four feet are taboo to you.

Leviticus 11:24 “And by these you will become contaminated. Whoever touches their carcass will be contaminated until the evening,

Leviticus 11:25 and whoever carries any part of their carcass will wash his clothes and be contaminated until the evening.

Leviticus 11:26 Every animal that parts the hoof but is not cloven-footed or does not chew the cud is contaminated to you. Everyone who touches them will be contaminated.

Leviticus 11:27 And all that walk on their paws, among the animals that go on all fours, are contaminated to you. Whoever touches their carcass will be contaminated until the evening,

Leviticus 11:28 and he who carries their carcass will wash his clothes and be contaminated until the evening; they are contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:29 “And these are contaminated to you among the swarming things that swarm on the ground: the mole rat, the mouse, the great lizard of any kind,

Leviticus 11:30 the gecko, the monitor lizard, the lizard, the sand lizard, and the chameleon.

Leviticus 11:31 These are contaminated to you among all that swarm. Whoever touches them when they are dead will be contaminated until the evening.

Leviticus 11:32 And anything on which any of them falls when they are dead will be contaminated, whether it is an container of wood or clothes or a skin or a sack, any container that is used for any purpose. It must be put into water, and it will be contaminated until the evening; then it will be clean.

Leviticus 11:33 And if any of them falls into any clay pottery container, all that is in it will be unclean, and you will break it.

Leviticus 11:34 Any food in it that could be eaten, on which water comes, will be contaminated. And all drink that could be drunk from every such container will be contaminated.

Leviticus 11:35 And everything on which any part of their carcass falls will be contaminated. Whether oven or stove, it will be broken in pieces. They are contaminated and will remain contaminated for you.

Leviticus 11:36 Nevertheless, a spring or a cistern holding water will be pure, but whoever touches a carcass in them will be contaminated.

Leviticus 11:37 And if any part of their carcass falls upon any seed grain that is to be planted, it is pure,

Leviticus 11:38 but if water is put on the seed and any part of their carcass falls on it, it is contaminated to you.

Leviticus 11:39 “And if any animal which you may eat dies, whoever touches its carcass will be contaminated until the evening,

Leviticus 11:40 and whoever eats of its carcass will wash his clothes and be contaminated until the evening. And whoever carries the carcass will wash his clothes and be contaminated until the evening.

Leviticus 11:41 “Every swarming thing that swarms on the ground is taboo; it will not be eaten.

Leviticus 11:42 Whatever goes on its belly, and whatever goes on all fours, or whatever has many feet, any swarming thing that swarms on the ground, you will not eat, because they are taboo.

Leviticus 11:43 You will not make your throats taboo with any swarming thing that swarms, and you will not contaminate yourselves with them, and become contaminated through them.

Leviticus 11:44 Because I am Yahveh your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and be sacred, because I am sacred. You will not contaminate your throats with any swarming thing that crawls on the ground.

Leviticus 11:45 Because I am Yahveh who brought you up out of the land of Egypt to be your God. You will therefore be sacred, because I am sacred.”

Leviticus 11:46 This is the instruction about animal and bird and every living throat that moves through the water and every throat that swarms on the ground,

Leviticus 11:47 to divide between the contaminated and the pure and between the living creature that may be eaten and the living creature that may not be eaten.

[1] שָׁקַץ = regard as taboo. Leviticus 11:11, 13, 43; 20:25.

Leviticus 11 quotes:

“Then, Leviticus 11-16 discusses situations and conditions that make a person unable, inappropriate, or excused from normal community life. Such persons are relieved of the responsibility of participating in worship or barred from doing so, depending on their situation.”

House, Paul R. Leviticus/Numbers. Broadman & Holman, 1999. p. 6.

“The description of clean and unclean animal species occurs in Leviticus 11, while the next four chapters deal with instances of human uncleanness. More detailed consideration of these regulations will be undertaken at that point, but here it should merely be noted that contact has occurred, and has interfered with the individual’s state of cultic or ceremonial purity. The uncleanness is accidental (‘it is hidden from him’), hence purificatory rites have not been undertaken. Once the offender knows of his guilt, it is his responsibility to offer expiatory sacrifice, since failure to do so would only worsen his own relationship with God, in addition to affecting the well-being of communal existence. One of the greatest spiritual challenges for the Christian in the complexity of contemporary social life is to keep himself unspotted from the world (Jas. 1:27 AV).”

Harrison, R. K. Leviticus, an Introduction and Commentary. Inter-Varsity Press, 1980. p. 69.

“The Christian church has always attracted a strong contingent of folk who would prefer to deal with the spirit and ignore or deny the body. Such “Gnostic” tendencies are met head-on in John by the declaration that “the Word became flesh and lived among us” (John 1:14). It would be hard to imagine a more potent Old Testament parallel to such fleshly affirmation than Leviticus 11-15. This is a God who desires not some disembodied congregation of ethereal spirits to worship and serve him, but rather a God who is working to enable even their foods and fluids and flows to witness to the Lord’s tangible presence in their midst.”

Boyce, Richard Nelson. Leviticus and Numbers. 1st ed, Westminster John Knox Press, 2008. p. 53.

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Tag: Leviticus 11

Leviticus 11

Leviticus 11

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