LEFTOVERS

LEFTOVERS

Deuteronomy 24:18-22 NET.

¹⁸ Remember that you were slaves in Egypt and that the LORD your God redeemed you from there; therefore I am commanding you to do all this.

¹⁹ Whenever you reap your harvest in your field and leave some unraked grain there, you must not return to get it; it should go to the resident foreigner, orphan, and widow so that the LORD your God may bless all the work you do. ²⁰ When you beat your olive tree you must not repeat the procedure; the remaining olives belong to the resident foreigner, orphan, and widow. ²¹ When you gather the grapes of your vineyard you must not do so a second time; they should go to the resident foreigner, orphan, and widow. ²² Remember that you were slaves in the land of Egypt; therefore, I am commanding you to do all this.

It is merely coincidental that I am preaching this sermon after two weeks of dealing with a personal crisis with my family. Penny’s accident meant that I had to take on the role of full-time caregiver. It has been difficult for both of us to adjust to the new normal in our household. It would have been even more difficult if it had been necessary for me to provide all the meals as well as do all the cleaning. But many of you stepped in and provided some excellent meals for us. As a consequence, all I had to do most days is figure out which leftovers I would heat up. In fact, most of the time, I didn’t even have to go to the freezer to thaw anything out. The only drawback was that many of our meals looked and tasted just like the meals we had previously. That’s Okay. We are very grateful for your help.

So, as I said, it is merely coincidental that the title of today’s sermon is “LEFTOVERS.” The title comes from the command that the LORD gave the Israelites for when they crossed over the Jordan into the Promised Land. He told them to leave some grain in their fields when they harvested. That leftover grain would be for the poor: particularly the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows who lived near them. He told them to treat their orchards the same way they treated their fields. They could harvest their olive trees, but they should not make a second pass over them. Instead, anything left over should be reserved for the poor: that is, the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows. They should treat their vineyards the same way. They could gather the grapes once. But anything left over should go to the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows.

It is important as we study these particular laws to understand that each of them is merely a single application of an over-arching principle. If we don’t do that, then most people who read these words will be disinterested and feel that nothing applies to them. After all, some of you own fields and plant them. Fewer of you own gravevines – and even those do not own entire vineyards. As far as I know, none of you have an olive orchard. To understand the relevance of today’s text, we need to look at the principles that it teaches, not just the practices it lists.

The redeemed should remember (18, 22).

The LORD tells the Israelites to remember that they were slaves in Egypt. Once they get into the Promised Land, their status will change from a nation of slaves to a nation of landowners. They will own land and property and will not have to give the proceeds to any master. They will be free to gain wealth. Whereas their masters in Egypt had exploited them, now they would be tempted to exploit others. The shoe will be on the other foot. So, the LORD commands them to remember what it felt like to be on the receiving end of exploitation and oppression.

They were to remember that the LORD redeemed them from Egypt. So, they were not to recreate the same situation that they faced in another land. They had been slaves, so they were not to become enslavers. They were to look out for those with fewer opportunities than they had. Unless they remembered how they had been exploited, history was liable to repeat itself, with the Israelites now on the potential giving end of the exploitation.

The command was for them to keep their greed in check. Instead of looking out for number one, they were to look out for all those little people who would not experience the immediate advantages of the new land.

This was not the only law that God established to take care of the poor among his people. Note Deuteronomy 14:28-29. It says that “At the end of every three years you must bring all the tithe of your produce, in that very year, and you must store it up in your villages. Then the Levites (because they have no allotment or inheritance with you), the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows of your villages may come and eat their fill so that the LORD your God may bless you in all the work you do.” The produce of the land was to be tithed, and every three years, it would be distributed to four groups. The three groups already mentioned: the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows, and also the Levites because they are not distributed territory by tribe like the other tribes are.

Not also Deuteronomy 26:12-15. It says, When you finish tithing all your income in the third year (the year of tithing), you must give it to the Levites, the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows so that they may eat to their satisfaction in your villages. Then you shall say before the LORD your God, “I have removed the sacred offering from my house and given it to the Levites, the resident foreigners, the orphans, and the widows just as you have commanded me. I have not violated or forgotten your commandments. I have not eaten anything when I was in mourning, or removed any of it while ceremonially unclean, or offered any of it to the dead; I have obeyed you and have done everything you have commanded me. Look down from your holy dwelling place in heaven and bless your people, Israel, and the land you have given us, just as you promised our ancestors- a land flowing with milk and honey.” The same four groups of underprivileged among the Israelites are mentioned. But this passage points to another principle about taking care of the needy:

The redeemed should seek blessing (19).

That verse says, “Whenever you reap your harvest in your field and leave some unraked grain there, you must not return to get it; it should go to the resident foreigner, orphan, and widow so that the LORD your God may bless all the work you do.” The blessing on the crops was conditional on the sharing of the wealth with the lesser advantaged. If God looked down and saw a greedy farmer who did not share, he would withhold his blessing on that farmer and his family.

Jesus told a parable about a farmer who was greedy like that. He said, “Beware! Guard against every kind of greed. Life is not measured by how much you own” (Luke 12:15). That statement is just as radical today as it was two millennia ago. Today, the popular belief is that those who have the most stuff have the best life. The rich are idolized no matter what they believe and no matter who they serve.

Then he told them a story: “A rich man had a fertile farm that produced fine crops. He said to himself, ‘What should I do? I don’t have room for all my crops.’ Then he said, ‘I know! I’ll tear down my barns and build bigger ones. Then I’ll have room enough to store all my wheat and other goods. And I’ll sit back and say to myself, ‘My friend, you have enough stored away for years to come. Now, take it easy! Eat, drink, and be merry!”(Luke 12:16-19).

This was the man’s 401K – his retirement plan. He said, “I got some good stuff. I’m going to make bigger barns so that I can hold all my stuff. Then I’m going to kick back, go to Barbados, and get some sand between my toes.” Well, that was the plan. But God knew something that the would-be retiree did not know:

But God said to him, ‘You fool! You will die this very night. Then who will get everything you worked for?’ (Luke 12:20).

The man was rich, resourceful, productive, and successful. He had made a plan that would provide for his needs and (presumably) those of his family. He would have been praised by the popular culture of his day and ours. But in just one moment – one last heartbeat – he was going to lose all that he had ever gained.

“Yes, a person is a fool to store up earthly wealth but not have a rich relationship with God”(Luke 12:21)

This is the moral of the story. Jesus tells his disciples and the others who have ears to hear, “Don’t waste your life just collecting stuff. Bigger barns are not the answer.” So, what is the answer? The answer is “a rich relationship with God.” But how do we get that? One way is to use our wealth to do what God would do: help the needy!

We can build bigger barns, or we can give our excess to help those less well off. It is no secret which option Jesus would want us to choose. He taught people that when they put on a banquet, they should invite those who cannot repay them. In his parable of the wedding banquet, the original invitees did not respond, so the king told his slaves to scour the streets and invite everyone. In the parable, God is the king, and we are his slaves. He wants us to share the blessing the king has in store, and that is how we will be blessed. But according to today’s text, the opposite is also true. The Israelites who hoarded their crops would lose the blessing. If we don’t pass on the blessings of our redemption, we displease the one who redeemed us.

The redeemed should be redeemers (19-21).

The story of Ruth shows how this principle is appropriately illustrated. Boaz was an Israelite who was greatly blessed. He shared that blessing with one who was a qualified member of one of the disadvantaged classes. She was a foreign resident. She was an outsider: an immigrant. Most people consider the Book of Ruth a love story, and that is exactly what it is. But it is more than a romance. It is the story of a man who was redeemed who chose to become a redeemer. The tradition of the kinsman redeemer came out of a desire to obey commands such as the ones highlighted in today’s text.

Ruth asked Naomi for permission to go and gather in the fields. Boaz obeyed the biblical command to leave some grain to glean. In fact, he went out of his way to show compassion to Ruth. He told his slaves to pull out some ears of grain and drop them so that she could gather them up.

The lesson for us is that our God wants us to be like Boaz. He wants us to demonstrate his compassion toward those who are underprivileged and needy. When we start helping the needy in Christ’s name, then the world around us will be more interested in what we say about him. Being a witness means drawing people to God, and one of the ways we can do that is by showing compassion. We can love people into the kingdom. But that love has to be more than emotional. It has to be tangible. Love is leaving some grain to glean.

LOVE PRIORITIES

LOVE PRIORITIES

Deuteronomy 10:12-22 NET.

¹² Now, Israel, what does the LORD your God require of you except to revere him, to obey all his commandments, to love him, to serve him with all your mind and being, ¹³and to keep the Lord’s commandments and statutes that I am giving you today for your own good? ¹⁴The heavens — indeed the highest heavens — belong to the LORD your God, as does the earth and everything in it. ¹⁵ However, only to your ancestors did he show his loving favor, and he chose you, their descendants, from all peoples — as is apparent today. ¹⁶ Therefore, cleanse your heart and stop being so stubborn! ¹⁷ For the LORD your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God who is unbiased and takes no bribe, ¹⁸ who justly treats the orphan and widow, and who loves resident foreigners, giving them food and clothing. ¹⁹ So you must love the resident foreigner because you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.

²⁰ Revere the LORD your God, serve him, be loyal to him and take oaths only in his name. ²¹ He is the one you should praise; he is your God, the one who has done these great and awesome things for you that you have seen. ²² When your ancestors went down to Egypt, they numbered only seventy, but now the LORD your God has made you as numerous as the stars of the sky.

The title of the book of Deuteronomy comes from the Latin for second Law. Moses is in the final phase of his life and ministry. He knows that he will not be going with the children of Israel when they cross over the Jordan and begin occupying the Promised Land. So, he writes Deuteronomy – not as a new Law for his people, but as a reflection on the basic principles of the Law God had given him at Sinai. He knows that if his people are to succeed, they will have to get over their stubborn selfishness and think and live God’s way. He searches for a way to summarize all that it means to live like the people who have been redeemed from slavery by a loving, compassionate God.

The big picture – the basic principles that Moses writes about in today’s text is the same message we get from Jesus in the New Testament. When the experts in the religious law came to Jesus to interrogate him, they asked him which commandment in the Law was the greatest. Jesus quickly answered that question by quoting from Deuteronomy. He said, “‘Love the LORD your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind.’ – a quote from Deuteronomy 6:5. Before the lawyers had a chance to redirect, he went on to say, “This is the first and greatest commandment. The second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’ That is a quote from Leviticus 19:18, but the principle is taught again in today’s text from Deuteronomy. These two commands go together and constitute the gist of God’s requirements for his people. He wanted them to love him and others. Jesus condemned his generation of Israelites because they sought to love God by hating others. But what Moses taught in Deuteronomy and what Jesus taught in his parable of the Good Samaritan is that you cannot truly love God if you refuse to love all those around you – particularly those who need you.

Today, I want to break down the message of Deuteronomy 10:12-22 into its various parts and analyze each part. I want to do essentially what an appliance repair technician does. I realize I am dating myself by this illustration. Nowadays, when you have a toaster that does not work, you throw it away and get another toaster. But back in the old days, we had people that we called appliance repair technicians. What these people did was take apart the appliance and examine each part to find out which parts were working and which needed to be repaired or replaced. Once they repaired the damaged part, they put the toaster back together again, and now your old useless toaster was new and useful again.

What we want to do for today’s text is examine all the principles in the word carefully to see which ones are working and which ones need to be understood and applied correctly. The problem is not really like the problem in the toaster. There is no part of God’s word anywhere that is defective and needs to be replaced. But it is entirely possible that – like the Israelites in Jesus’ day – we are incorrect in our application of God’s word. So, here we go. We will break down all the principles taught in today’s text to see which ones we need to refresh and apply more correctly.

Loving God must be the priority.

Moses taught the children of Israel that their first priority in life was to love their Creator and Savior, God. He also broke down that principle into its component parts, wanting his relatives to know precisely which God they were to prioritize.

So, he talks about God the way we sometimes do when we pray the simple prayer at meals: God is great, and God is good. He is great because there is no one higher than him. Everything and everyone belongs to him. The whole planet and everything above it also belong to him. He “ is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God.”

The theologians speak of this aspect of who God is when they define him by pointing out the three ways that he is different from all his creations.

We cannot measure up to God in terms of space because he is everywhere, and we are not. We are confined to one place and one time, while he lives in every place at all times.

Also, unlike us, God is unchangeable. His greatness and nature do not change. Nothing we do can change him into something else other than what he has always been.

The third way God is different from us is his life does not and cannot ever come to an end. He existed before anything or anyone ever lived. The Bible says that he alone possesses immortality (1 Timothy 6:16). The only way any creature can ever become immortal is by means of his grace. God has promised believers eternal life, but we should not be arrogant like those who claim that all people are born immortal. That is not what the Bible teaches.

In summary, God is great because he is unmeasurable, immutable, and immortal. We are challenged to love God with all our mind and being. We will find it difficult to obey that command because God is so different from us. But God makes it easier because of what he has done for us. He gave us life to begin with. He gave us forgiveness, restoration, and deliverance. God is great, but he is also good. We can love God by focusing on all the good things he has done for us and all of his internal goodness. This includes his holiness, righteousness, faithfulness, integrity, graciousness, loyalty to his covenant, and kindness toward those who believe and trust in him.

We have many reasons for loving God, but it still comes down to our choice. He has created us with the power to love freely, which means we also can reject him, be unfaithful to him, rebel against him, and disobey his commands.

Loving God requires a change of attitude and action.

Moses outlines all of the components of this toaster and identifies all the changes in our attitude that will be necessary if we are to love God truly.

We need to stop being indifferent about God and start revering him. Reverence is a kind of fear. It is not the fear a person might have of a rabid, snarling animal. That is fear, but it is not reverence. Reverence is like the attitude you might have toward your boss if you are starting work at a new job. If you have decided to work for this new boss, you want to please her. You want to say and do the things that will make your new boss happy. You want her to be grateful that you are working in her office. You might notice that your new boss’s desk is neat and orderly, so you will decide to tidy up your desk so she is not displeased with its appearance. You might notice that when you come to work, your boss is always there already. You will decide to be punctual so that your boss will approve. That is what reverence is. It is not fear of punishment. It is seeking to please someone to whom you are already committed. That is the first attitude change that Moses suggests in verse 12.

We need to determine to stop ignoring all of God’s commands and start obeying them. Obedience is an attitude that is expressed by actions. Human beings are created with the ability to follow commands. Unfortunately, we are also capable of resenting commands, rebelling against the ones who give commands, and demanding independence from any authority. God does not tell us to unthinkingly submit to anyone who wants us to do anything. He tells us to obey him. He requires that we follow all of his commandments. He does not say that we can make a list of his commandments and cross off all the ones that we cannot understand or that we do not want to obey. Obedience is the attitude that predisposes us to pay attention to what God wants and directs us away from the inclination only to do what we want.

God does not tell us to stop caring about ourselves. What he wants us to do is to care about him as well. He wants us to change our focus so that who we care about is not determined by our needs and desires. He wants us to love him first.

God does not want us to stop serving ourselves and others. He wants us to focus on serving him with all our mind and being. The Hebrew literally says all our hearts and throats. The heart is the symbol for the blood’s circulation, and the throat is the symbol for the breath’s circulation. He wants us to serve him as if our lives depend on serving him. That is not easy to do.

Loving God entails loving as God does.

The priest and the Levite in Jesus’ parable of the Good Samaritan thought that loving God wholeheartedly meant staying focused on their religious traditions. Their lives centered around sacrifices and ceremonies and things they did for their congregations. It is very easy for 21st-century evangelical Christians to live like that, too. If we think that loving God means getting together for a special service every week and singing and praying together, we can become very much like that priest and Levite were.

But notice what Moses said about who God is and what he is focused on in verses 17-18:

“… God who is unbiased and takes no bribe, who justly treats the orphan and widow, and who loves resident foreigners, giving them food and clothing.”

If we revere our boss, we want to do things like she does, things that identify with what she focuses on. God is great, and God is good, and he demonstrates his goodness by internal integrity. He does not take bribes to pervert justice. He is unbiased. He does not treat some people with preferential treatment, nor does he ignore the needs of others. The priest and Levite in Jesus’ parable thought that they could ignore the man lying in a heap on the road because they had more important things to do rather than stop and help him. But God’s priority is helping the needy. If loving God is our priority, then we need to care for the needy too.

Loving others is loving as God loves.

God loves the orphan and the widow. He loves the resident foreigner, giving him food and clothing. Rahab and Ruth were resident foreigners. These were people who chose to live in the Israelite community even though they were not ethnically Jews.

When Jesus answered the lawyer’s question about the greatest commandments, he said the second greatest commandment was to love your neighbor as yourself. Immediately, the lawyer asked, “Who is my neighbor?” He was not thinking according to the Law in Deuteronomy 10, or he would not have asked that question. According to Deuteronomy 10, loving our neighbors is loving the dispossessed and the underprivileged. It is reaching out to people who are not in the same socio-economic category as we are.

The LORD told the Israelites that they must love the resident foreigner because they were resident foreigners in the land of Egypt. When they get into the Promised Land, they will be first-class citizens. The resident foreigners will be those who choose to submit to their laws and live in their communities. God wanted his people to love those people. He wanted them to draw those people to him by their actions and by their care and consideration. He wanted his people to be his witnesses. He wanted them to testify to his character by their character.

Jesus told his disciples the same thing. He said they were to be his “witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the farthest parts of the earth” (Acts 1:8). He wanted them to spread his love to every nation on the planet. Loving others had to be a priority for them, and it needs to be a priority for us.

CALLING AND CREW

CALLING AND CREW

Numbers 18:1-5 NET.

¹ The LORD said to Aaron, “You and your sons and your tribe with you must bear the iniquity of the sanctuary, and you and your sons with you must bear the iniquity of your priesthood. ² “Bring with you your brothers, the tribe of Levi, the tribe of your father, so that they may join with you and minister to you while you and your sons with you are before the tent of the testimony. ³They must be responsible to care for you and to care for the entire tabernacle. However, they must not come near the furnishings of the sanctuary and the altar, or both they and you will die. ⁴ They must join with you, and they will be responsible for the care of the tent of meeting, for all the service of the tent, but no unauthorized person may approach you. ⁵You will be responsible for the care of the sanctuary and the care of the altar, so that there will be no more wrath on the Israelites.

We are continuing our bunny-hop through the Bible. This week, we have landed on the Book of Numbers, chapters 18-19. Last week, we were still at Sinai preparing for launch into the wilderness and on the way to Canaan.

On Monday, we learned about the Nazarite vow. It was the consecration of a period during which a person could set himself apart for God. The others could look around and see visible examples of those who had chosen to dedicate themselves to the LORD, which would encourage the whole community to seek God’s purity and holiness.

Also, on Monday, we read the Aaronic blessing. The LORD dictated these words through Moses to Aaron, the high priest. Aaron and his sons—the priests—were instructed to say this prayer as a blessing from God upon the whole congregation.

They were to say, “Yahveh bless you and keep you; Yahveh make his face to light upon you and be gracious to you; Yahveh lift his face to you and give you peace.” They asked Yahveh to protect the people from outside enemies and evil within. They asked Yahveh to manifest his presence among the people, shining a joyful face of grace and lifting a face of favor. They asked Yahveh to bring wholeness, health, and peace to the people. We all need these blessings from God every day. We need his protection, his presence, and his peace.

On Tuesday, we learned some special instructions about lighting the lamps in the lampstand, the dedication of the priests, and the annual Passover.

On Wednesday, woo-hoo! The camp dismantled the Tabernacle and began marching toward their destination! But it did not take long for the people to start complaining. They complained that they didn’t have any meat to eat – just this Manna stuff. So, God gave them the quail. But while they were still chewing these birds, God struck them with a plague.

You would think that they would straighten up and fly right after this punishment, but on Thursday, it got worse. Miriam and Aaron, with words of criticism and if that had not been dealt with immediately, it would have resulted in rebellion. The LORD stepped in and defended Moses. Miriam was struck with leprosy, and Aaron confessed their sin and pleaded for Moses’ intercession. Moses prayed for them, and God took away their punishment. But she did have to be shut outside the camp for seven days.

Then the LORD instructed Moses to send 12 men to explore the land that they were heading to. One man from each tribe was chosen for this duty. When they returned, ten of the men said that conquering the land would be impossible.

On Friday, we learned that this majority report of the scouts led to the attempt at rebellion that Aaron and Miriam came close to. They even planned to stone Moses and return to Egypt. The two faithful scouts – Joshua and Caleb – pleaded for the larger community not to rebel. The LORD was ready to destroy them all and start over with just Moses. But Moses interceded and prayed for God’s mercy. The LORD agreed to spare the nation, but they did suffer for their disobedience.

Yesterday’s chapters tell of another rebellion—this one aimed at the priests. Another plague killed thousands, but God showed his approval for Aaron and his priests in an obvious way. He had each tribe contribute a wooden staff, and Levi’s staff had Aaron’s name written on it. Moses placed the staffs in the Tent of Meeting. The next day, Levi’s staff sprouted. Then all Israel knew that God himself had appointed Aaron and his family to serve as priests for the whole community.

Now we know why the action stops again at this point—in Chapter 18 —and the LORD gives instruction concerning the priests and Levites. There had been an attempted rebellion in the camp centered around who was qualified to speak to God on behalf of the people and administer the sacrifices at the Tabernacle.

Both the priests and the Levites were from the tribe of Levi. Why was that tribe set apart and chosen for this peculiar ministry? When the 12 tribes sent out scouts (you might have noticed from your reading) that one tribe was not included. The tribe of Joseph had been split into two, and both his sons became tribal leaders. So, there was a tribe of Ephraim and a tribe of Manasseh. Each of those tribes sent out a scout, so Levi’s tribe did not participate in the scouting party. So, Levi’s tribe was the only one that would not be punished for the attempted rebellion.

The priests: called and accountable.

The Lord told Aaron and his sons that they would bear the guilt of offenses connected with the sanctuary. They were called to a unique position, and that calling made them accountable before God for a unique ministry. They were allowed to minister within the Tabernacle, but when they did so, they would be coming on behalf of a stubborn, rebellious, and sinful people. It was their task to approach a holy God and plead for forgiveness for their nation. The sacrifices offered before God in the Tabernacle were symbols of the confession of those sins and the prayers for restoration and atonement. Without the ministry of the priest, the nation would have to perpetually suffer the wrath of God for their transgressions and violations of his law.

If this unique group of servants had not been there, no nation would have made it to the Promised Land. They were a gift from God. What they did on a regular basis was essential for the survival and success of the Israelite nation.

The Levites: called to assist.

A special group of holy soldiers from the tribe of Levi assisted them in meeting their practical needs. The Levites were God’s chosen partners in the ministry of the priests, and the whole tribe of Levi had a special calling to assist the priests with their unique calling. But there were limits to where the Levites could go and what ministry they could perform. Korah had been a Levite who overstepped the boundary of his function and tried to do the work of a priest. He and others dared to come near the articles in the sanctuary and the altar, and they all died as a result of their rebellion.

The Levites were there to help and make it possible for the priests to do what only they could do. They were to be a gift to the priests, who were a gift to the nation.

Jesus saw hypocrisy in priests and Levites.

Jesus told the story of a man who robbers attacked on his way to Jericho. He said a priest was going down that road. When he saw the poor victim, he passed by on the other side. He was too busy to stop and help this injured man. Then he said a Levite was walking down the same road and saw the same victim. He also passed by on the other side. Why did Jesus use the priest and the Levite as examples in his story? Both the priests and the Levites in Jesus’s day were expected to be super-spiritual. They were called to unique positions in their community and were expected to be accountable to God for their actions. But in Jesus’s story, both of these individuals acted hypocritically. Instead of representing God’s love and compassion, they used their positions as religious professionals to ignore the hurt and the needy. By so doing, they testified that God did not care for the poor and needy. By contrast, the Samaritan had no unique position. No one expected this foreigner to care, but he did. He was the only example of someone who loved his neighbor as himself. He was the only one who obeyed the great commandment.

The New Testament priesthood.

Jesus did not command a special priestly class for his New Testament church or a Levitical class of assistants of the priests. He abolished the Aaronic priesthood and started a new priesthood. He, himself, serves as the high priest of that new order. The Old Testament had predicted that God would establish an eternal priest after the pattern of Melchizedek (Psalm 110:4). The Book of Hebrews, chapters 5, 6, and 7, describe this new priesthood.

With Jesus as our High Priest, every believer is now a priest in this new pattern. Offering sacrifices at the Tabernacle of the temple is no longer necessary because Jesus’ death on the cross has once and for all time made atonement for sin. But the priestly role of intercession is still ours to accomplish. We still have a rebellious world that needs our prayers in order to give them access to God’s presence.

1 Peter 2:5 states that believers are living stones built up as a spiritual house to be a holy priesthood and to offer spiritual sacrifices that are acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. There is no longer an exclusive priesthood of a single tribe or group. There is equality in the church. All Christians are equal in their ability to approach God directly, without needing a priest to intercede on their behalf. When you go to God in prayer, you don’t need a pastor or church leader to pave the way for you. Jesus spoke against the modern church’s tendency to create hierarchies. The priesthood belongs to all believers. We have different ministries depending on our gifting, but we are all gifted with the same Holy Spirit, so each of us can access God’s throne.

Under the new covenant, there are no Levites because they were excluded from service within the Tabernacle. Now, the veil has been torn by the blood of Christ. Access to God’s presence is available to all. New Testament priests also have a new ministry: building the body of Christ through evangelism and discipling. Not only can we bring people to God by intercession, but we can also bring God to people by sharing the gospel with them.

LORD, we accept your call to the privileged ministry of the New Testament priesthood. Use us to reconcile people to you and share the good news of salvation by grace.

A PURE WALK

A PURE WALK

Numbers 5:1-4 NET

¹ Then the LORD spoke to Moses: ² “Command the Israelites to expel from the camp every leper, everyone who has a discharge, and whoever becomes defiled by a corpse. ³ You must expel both men and women; you must put them outside the camp, so that they will not defile their camps, among which I live.” ⁴ So the Israelites did so, and expelled them outside the camp. As the LORD had spoken to Moses, so the Israelites did.

We are reading through the Bible sequentially, two chapters at a time. But our messages only touch on a portion of each Sunday’s text. That means that our preaching is like bunny hopping or taking the stairs two or three at a time. I need to set the stage for today’s message because anyone who has not been reading is liable to get lost.

We are now in the Book of Numbers. The children of Israel are at Sinai, getting ready for their long walk to the promised land. They have spent all of Leviticus in this exact spot. The people needed to prepare. They needed to get out of Egypt, but they also needed to get Egypt out of them.

The first part of Numbers is dedicated to the final preparations for the walk to destiny. That is why Numbers begins with a census and that is why it is called the Book of Numbers. But once they have established who is going to be taking the walk, the next thing to establish is what position the people are to be walking in. It helps to visualize what the march to Canaan was supposed to look like. At the center of the walk was the Tabernacle, carried by three clans of Levites who were specifically designated for the task. Surrounding them were the tribes of Israel, in groups, with a prominent tribe leading each group. At the front of the march would be the tribe of Judah, leading its group consisting of the tribes of Issachur and Zebulun. Then Reuben’s group which included the tribes of Gad and Simeon. Then the Tent of Meeting, surrounded by Priests and Levites. Behind them would be Ephraim’s group, including the tribes of Benjamin and Manasseh. Finally, there would be Dan’s group, including the tribes of Asher and Naphtali.

All of these groups made up what was referred to as the camp as they traveled. When they were not marching, the groups would camp surrounding the tent of meeting. The tent of Meeting would be set up in the center, surrounded by groups of priests and Levites. The Judah group would surround them from the East, the Dan group from the North, the Ephraim group from the West, and the Reuben group from the South.

But these were not all the people who were traveling. These were just what was called the camp. Outside the camp, a large number of non-Israelites traveled with them. They had to obey the rules of the community, but they were not allowed to be part of the tribal encampment. They were allowed to come along, but they could not identify with the Jewish congregation.

Today’s text tells us that some of the Israelites were singled out and told that they were not allowed to join the tribal encampment. They would have to stay outside the camp. They were not being excommunicated—they were still Israelites—but they had to stay on the outer fringes of the camp along with the Gentile guests.

Why is that? Remember that the people of Israel had been slaves for 4 centuries. God had to communicate spiritual truths to them with simple concrete methods. The spiritual truth God wanted to teach was:

God wanted the Israelites to have a pure walk in his presence.

He told them that they must sanctify themselves and be holy because he is their God (Leviticus 20:7). He said that he had set them apart from other peoples to be his alone (Leviticus 20:26).

He did not tell them that they could wait until they got into the promised land and then live the set-apart life. No, they were to begin that set-apart life while on the way to Canaan. So, God uses a symbol that they are sure to understand. Some of their own friends and family members would be taken away from them. They would have to live outside the tribal encampments. Those in the camp would miss their friends. They would miss their brothers and sisters. But they would know that God wanted them to have a pure walk in his presence.

God commanded the expulsion of everything that defiles from the Israelite camp.

Three particular types of defilement are mentioned: disease, discharge, and death.

Many other things defiled people spiritually, but they were not mentioned in this particular command. These three are mentioned because they each involve obvious, visible defilement.

I must also point out that each of these expulsions could be temporary. There were Levitical rules concerning how long someone had to be segregated from the camp if a skin disease, a discharge of fluid, or a death in the family defiled them. If a person were restored to the camp, it would be a cause for celebration for that family and tribe. But it would also be another opportunity to drive home the principle that God’s people are to be a set-apart and holy people.

Jesus is the ultimate answer for everything that defiles.

It is no coincidence that during Jesus’ personal ministry, he encountered people with all these defilements. He did not shun them. He came to them. He touched them. He demonstrated God’s perfect will in regard to the things that defile because he cleansed the lepers, healed the woman with a discharge, and raised the dead.

The principle we learn from today’s passage is that God requires that his people demonstrate purity in their walk. We are not to be overcome by evil but to overcome evil with Good. We are to live holy and righteous lives as proof that we are following a holy and righteous Savior. If there is visible sin among us, we must separate ourselves from that sin and allow the Lord to bring that sinner to repentance and restoration. We must not allow visible sin in the encampment.

But the goal is always restoration. Our savior taught us never to give up on even the most sinful and the most visibly defiled. He ministered to those who were unclean and so should we.

God’s plan is to bring us back into his presence by removing the things that defile from us.

The ultimate lesson we learn from today’s passage is not that we should separate ourselves from others but that God wants us to come apart from everything sinful and be separate from what defiles. We are to walk a pure walk. But there is even more to the lesson. We must remember that God was leading his people to a destination. He is doing the same thing for us. Only, instead of a destination, we are on our way to a destiny.

Listen to these words from Revelation 21:

“Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and earth had ceased to exist, and the sea existed no more. And I saw the holy city — the new Jerusalem — descending out of heaven from God, made ready like a bride adorned for her husband. And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying: “Look! The residence of God is among human beings. He will live among them, and they will be his people, and God himself will be with them. He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death will not exist any more — or mourning, or crying, or pain, for the former things have ceased to exist.” And the one seated on the throne said: “Look! I am making all things new!” Then he said to me, “Write it down, because these words are reliable and true.” He also said to me, “It is done! I am the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end. To the one who is thirsty I will give water free of charge from the spring of the water of life. The one who conquers will inherit these things, and I will be his God and he will be my son. But to the cowards, unbelievers, detestable persons, murderers, the sexually immoral, and those who practice magic spells, idol worshipers, and all those who lie, their place will be in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur. That is the second death.”

There are two destinies, and both are permanent. Jesus is making all things new, but there are those who will not experience the new life he will give. They will experience permanent death instead. We must walk in purity today because only the pure will inherit the new universe. We must separate from everything that defiles us today because God, in his love, wants us to experience the joy of eternal life tomorrow.

Communion meditation:

“For the bodies of those animals whose blood the high priest brings into the sanctuary as an offering for sin are burned outside the camp. Therefore, to sanctify the people by his own blood, Jesus also suffered outside the camp. We must go out to him, then, outside the camp, bearing the abuse he experienced. For here we have no lasting city, but we seek the city that is to come” (Hebrews 13:11-14).

What did the author of Hebrews mean when he said that Jesus suffered outside the camp? Those who were expelled from the camp were considered impure and defiled. Jesus was treated the same way when they crucified him. Paul said, “God made the one who did not know sin to be sin for us, so that in him we would become the righteousness of God.” We were all outsiders, and Jesus was the only insider. So he went outside to bring us back. By his death on the cross, he made it possible for all of us outsiders to come back inside. We celebrate that victory as we remember what he did for us on the cross.

“Devotions from Numbers” is 236 pages long and was released on November 1, 2024.

FAILURE OFFERING

Leviticus 4:1-2, 35.

¹ Then the LORD spoke to Moses: ² “Tell the Israelites, ‘When a person sins by straying unintentionally from any of the Lord’s commandments which must not be violated, and violates any one of them — ³⁵ Then the one who brought the offering must remove all its fat (just as the fat of the sheep is removed from the peace offering sacrifice) and the priest must offer them up in smoke on the altar on top of the other gifts of the LORD. So the priest will make atonement on his behalf for his sin which he has committed and he will be forgiven.

As Christians, we believe that God inspired the Bible, and it is therefore worthwhile to read, learn, teach, preach, and know. Our congregation is in the middle of an experiment to test that belief. We have decided to eat the whole elephant – one bite at a time. We determined to read the whole Bible over eighteen months. Some of the passages will be pretty easy to read. The stories of the history of God’s dealings with his people – the biblical narratives – are easier to read. A reader can imagine being in the story and experiencing the event. Doctrinal texts are easy, too, because we all have questions about what God wants us to believe and how we should act. Wisdom literature is practical because we all want to make the right choices – to please God and live his way.

But we have come to a section of Scripture that most people find more challenging to read, and some find it hopeless to understand. If you started our little experiment on January 1, you probably felt this way about midway through Exodus. Now that you are in Leviticus, you might find your daily reading a bit of a challenge. Every day, you encounter a fresh set of rules and regulations about the Tabernacle – which you have never seen, and sacrifices that you will have never participated in – and will never join in. You are going to be tempted to skip over the “irrelevant parts.” As much as you might want to believe that the whole Bible is God’s word, you might be tempted to consider these difficult parts as beyond your ability to comprehend. You are not alone.

What we are experiencing is all too common for any generation. We are in the middle of a section of Scripture that most people skip reading. It is a section with the most pages stuck together because it is so infrequently visited. It isn’t that we think this section does not belong to God’s word. It is mostly because we have no clue as to why it is in God’s word.

What we need is to crack the code. Some documents are impossible to understand until you find the code that they are written in – the knowledge that helps us to make sense of what otherwise would remain a hopeless jumble of words and phrases. When we were reading the narratives of Genesis and the first part of Exodus, we found the code to help us decipher that text in the historical background. When we were studying the commands of Christ in the Gospels, we found the code in the personal application of those commands to our everyday lives. But what is the code that can help us read and understand the regulations of the Old Testament sacrificial system?

I believe there is a code. What’s more – I want to assure you that you will not have to go back to college and learn a lot of new things in order to understand it. You already know the code that will help you master the reading and comprehension of Leviticus. Once you apply the code to what you read on these pages, you will see that every rule is relevant to you personally, every statute and ordinance and judgment and regulation.

What is this code? It is theology. The trick to understanding all these complex passages of Scripture is what the rest of Scripture teaches about God, Jesus Christ, sin, and salvation. Unless we see the truths about God from Scripture in these obscure texts, we will always get hopelessly stuck in these pages. But once we start seeing the code at work, we will find that we have a new Bible in our hands.

So, today, I want to crack the code of Leviticus 4, which is all about the sin offerings. You will notice from the title of this morning’s sermon that I call them failure offerings. In my translation of the Bible, I use the word “failure” to translate the Hebrew and Greek words that are usually translated as “sin.” My reason for doing this is that sin is one of those words that we have assigned a religious meaning and that religious meaning can keep us from understanding the word’s biblical meaning. There are lots of words like this in the Bible. In my translation, I try to use other words for these religious-sounding words that everybody seems to understand but nobody can explain. The word I use for the concept of sin is failure. Sin is missing the mark. It is trying to do the right thing but ending up doing the wrong thing. When we use the word sin, we usually think of intentional transgression – rebellion against God’s commands. But every one of the regulations in Leviticus 4 have to do with unintentional sins.

We are used to thinking of unintentional failures as mistakes. We don’t hold people accountable for their mistakes. We might give someone an “F” on the test that they failed, but we don’t punish them for failing. We don’t consider it a personal affront to us if someone makes a mistake. But the sin offerings of Leviticus 4 are all about getting forgiveness for things done wrong that were inadvertant – unintentional. We cannot crack the code of Leviticus 4 until we answer the question of why God requires atonement for unintentional failures.

Our failures offend God’s holiness.

Look at verses 16-17. They say, “Then the high priest must bring some of the blood of the bull to the Meeting Tent, and that priest must dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle some of the blood seven times before the LORD toward the front of the veil-canopy.” We are familiar with this part of the Tabernacle. It is a curtain that separates the holy places where God resides from the mundane places where just anybody can go. We know that when Jesus was crucified, the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom, signifying access to the Father. This veil represented the holiness of God contrasted with the corruption and sinfulness of all humanity.

The blood of the failure offering was to be sprinkled on the veil. On one side of the veil were defilement, depravity, and sin. On the other side were holiness, purity, and sinlessness. On one side of the veil were mortal and temporary beings. On the other side was the immortal and infinite God. In between, the blood was sprinkled. The blood of the sacrificial animal symbolized the atonement.

Why does human failure need to be atoned for? Why do our unintentional sins need forgiveness? Why can’t God say, “They’re just human after all? They are going to make mistakes. They’re not perfect like I am.”

We say those kinds of things all the time. We make a mistake, and we don’t run to the altar and throw ourselves on it. We say, “Nobody’s perfect.” We say, “I’m only human,” and go on with our lives. It was a mistake! We don’t make a federal case out of it. We shrug it off. At most, we say, “I’ll try to do better next time.

But failures under the Mosaic covenant cost the life of a precious animal. They could not be overlooked. From the priests to the leaders to the commoner, everyone had to seek forgiveness for sins—all sins, not just intentional transgressions. Why? Because we serve a holy God, and he does not compromise his holiness. He is different from us. Every time we fail to measure up to his perfection, we incur guilt, and that guilt must be atoned for.

Every sin. Every day – that is why the blood must be sprinkled seven times. We can’t say, “I went to church on Sunday, so I’m good for another week. We can’t say, “I went to church last Christmas, so I’m good. We need God’s forgiveness for every sin, every day, every hour. We are sinful creatures. We are constantly in need of God’s forgiveness. The sin offering was a way of seeking that forgiveness. It was a way to reconcile with God in spite of our constantly failing him.

Our failures affect our prayer lives.

The first part of verse 7 says, “The priest must put some of the blood on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense that is before the LORD in the Meeting Tent.” Incense in the Bible is frequently used to accompany prayer. Some of the blood of the sacrifice of the sin offering was put on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense to symbolize the fact that when we fail God, we sever the connection between ourselves and our creator. The lines of communication are broken. Everyone who has ever tried to pray with a guilty conscience knows about this fact. We can’t seem to reach God because there is a barrier to our prayers.

But the regulation for the sin offering shows us that it is not just our intentional rebellion that does this. Even the mistakes we make can sever the chord and disrupt the signal to heaven – and from heaven. The phone lines are down. The telegraph wire is cut. The wifi signal is lost. We cannot even ask for forgiveness because it seems like there is no way to reach God. But the good news of the sin offering is that the blood can make a difference. The life’s blood of the innocent sacrifice can atone for the sin and reestablish the connection.

Our failures hinder our influence.

There is not just one rule for the sin offering. There is a set of requirements for the priest, starting in verse 3. There is another list of requirements for when the whole congregation fails, starting in verse 13. When a leader fails, the requirements are outlined starting in verse 22. When a common person fails, the regulations start in verse 27. Every person can fail, and every person needs to make atonement for that failure. However, there are different requirements depending on the sphere of influence that the sinner has. We hold our leaders to a higher standard than we do ordinary citizens. The reason is that our leaders are more likely to cause others to fail by their example.

When a leader fails, they need atonement for their sins. They also need to show that they confess their sins and seek forgiveness visually. There will be no cover-ups. There are to be no special circumstances where people look away and refuse to acknowledge the sins of the priest or the elder because of their status. If atonement is not accomplished, the sins will trickle down to the whole congregation.

Our failures affect our worship.

The final part of verse 7 reads, “and all the rest of the bull’s blood he must pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance of the Meeting Tent.” The altar of burnt offering was where sacrifices were made that were consumed by fire so that the entire sacrifice would ascend into the sky to be enjoyed by God himself. They were a symbol of reconciliation with God. They were a means of worship.

The reason that sin offerings involved this altar is that sin servers the connection between God and man. We saw that this breech in communication affects our prayer life with the mention of the fragrant incense altar. The same is true with the altar of burnt offering. Not only does sin disrupt our prayers to God, but it also disrupts our worship of God. This is wrong because God created us to show our appreciation for him. Some people deserve praise because of the good things they do. God deserves worship because of who he is.

The thing that is most wrong with the world today is not climate change, the immigration crisis, drug abuse, or gender dysphoria. The thing that is most wrong in the world today is that God is not worshiped as he deserves to be worshiped. Sin has separated us from our heavenly Father.

The sin offering gave the believers in God an opportunity to confess their failures before God. It offered them a means of consenting to God’s plan to provide a substitute to pay for those sins by a blood sacrifice. The sinners were told to place their hands on the head of the sacrificial animal. We see this repeated throughout the chapter (verses 4, 15, 24, 29 and 33). Placing their hand on the head was a way of identifying with the victim and letting the victim take the punishment of death in their place. By putting their hands on the victim, they transferred their sin to the sin offering. In fact, the language suggested that each person would lean on the victim, symbolizing the fact that they were depending on the victim to atone for their sins, failures, and inadequacies.

Now, here is the theology that cracks the code of Leviticus 4. In 2 Corinthians 5:21, Paul writes, “God made the one who did not know sin to be sin for us so that in him we would become the righteousness of God.” Jesus Christ is the sin offering. He is God’s ultimate and eternal solution to the problem of human failure. He fulfills every aspect of the Levitical regulations concerning the failure offering.

I should say … every aspect but one. There is one aspect of the regulations that Jesus does not fulfill by his sacrificial death on the cross. That is the fact that the failure offering was voluntary. Once discovering his sin, the sinner had to come to the Tabernacle and confess his sin by means of the sin-offering ritual. God did not perform this sacrifice for the sinner. For the same reason, our instructions in the New Testament are as follows:

“If we say we do not bear the guilt of sin, we are deceiving ourselves and the truth is not in us. But if we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous, forgiving us our sins and cleansing us from all unrighteousness” (1 John 1:8-9).

The one thing Jesus did not do for you on the cross was confess your sins. He cannot do that for you. If you go your whole life, never acknowledging your failures before God, he is obligated to make you pay for those sins. All of your sins can keep you from eternal life—even the ones you don’t recognize as sins, even the ones you don’t know you are committing.

The more we know about what God wants of us, the more we realize that we need his forgiveness constantly, consistently, and perpetually. But the blood of Christ already shed on Calvary’s cross is the one sin offering for all people and all time.

The “Devotions from Leviticus” book is 204 pages long and was released on September 15, 2024.