Leviticus 1

Leviticus 1

Leviticus 1:1 Yahveh invited[1] Moses and spoke to him from the conference tent,[2] and this is what he said,

Leviticus 1:2 “Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, when any human among you brings an offering to Yahveh, you will bring your offering of livestock from the herd or the flock.

Leviticus 1:3 “If his offering is an ascending offering[3] from the herd, he will offer a perfect male. He will bring it to the entrance of the conference tent so that he may be accepted to Yahveh’s face.[4]

Leviticus 1:4 He will lay his hand on the head of the ascending offering, and it will be accepted for him to provide reconciliation for him.

Leviticus 1:5 Then he will kill the bull to Yahveh’s face, and Aaron’s sons the priests will bring the blood and coat the sides of the altar that is at the entrance of the conference tent with the blood.

Leviticus 1:6 Then he will chop the ascending offering cutting it in pieces,

Leviticus 1:7 and the sons of Aaron the priest will set fire to the altar and place wood on the fire.

Leviticus 1:8 And Aaron’s sons the priests will place the pieces, the head, and the fat, on the wood that is on the fire on the altar;

Leviticus 1:9 but he will first wash its entrails and its legs with water. The priest will burn all of it on the altar as an ascending offering, which is a fire offering to Yahveh with a pacifying[5] aroma.

Leviticus 1:10 “If his gift for an ascending offering is from the flock, from the sheep or goats, he will bring a perfect male,

Leviticus 1:11 and he will kill it on the north side of the altar to Yahveh’s face, and Aaron’s sons the priests will coat the sides of the altar with its blood.

Leviticus 1:12 And he will cut it into pieces, with its head and its fat, and the priest will place them on the wood that is on the fire on the altar,

Leviticus 1:13, but the entrails and the legs he will wash with water. The priest will offer all of it and burn it on the altar; it is an ascending offering, a fire offering to Yahveh with a pacifying aroma.

Leviticus 1:14 “If his offering to Yahveh is an ascending offering of birds, then he will bring his offering of turtledoves or pigeons.

Leviticus 1:15 And the priest will bring it to the altar and wring off its head and burn it on the altar. Its blood will be pressed out on the wall of the altar.

Leviticus 1:16 He will remove its crop with its contents and toss it beside the altar on the east side, in the place for ashes.

Leviticus 1:17 He will tear it open by its wings but will not divide it completely. And the priest will burn it on the altar, on the wood that is on the fire. It is an ascending offering, a fire offering to Yahveh with a pacifying aroma.


[1] קָרָא = invite, cry out, convene. Leviticus 1:1; 9:1; 10:4; 13:45; 23:2, 4, 21, 37; 25:10.

[2] ‎ אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד= conference tent. Leviticus 1:1, 3, 5; 3:2, 8, 13; 4:4, 5, 7, 14, 16, 18; 6:16, 26, 30; 8:3, 4, 31, 33, 35; 9:5, 23; 10:7, 9; 12:6; 14:11, 23; 15:14, 29; 16:7, 16, 17, 20, 23, 33; 17:4, 5, 6, 9; 19:21; 24:3.

[3] עֹלָה = ascending offering. Leviticus 1:3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 13, 14, 17; 3:5; 4:7, 10, 18, 24, 25, 29, 30, 33, 34; 5:7, 10; 6:9, 10, 12, 25; 7:2, 8, 37; 8:18, 21, 28; 9:2, 3, 7, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 22, 24; 10:19; 12:6, 8; 14:13, 19, 20, 22, 31; 15:15, 30; 16:3, 5, 24; 17:8; 22:18; 23:12, 18, 37.

[4] פָּנֶה = face. Leviticus 1:3, 5, 11; 3:1, 7, 8, 12, 13; 4:4, 6, 7, 14, 15, 17, 18, 24; 6:7, 14, 25; 7:30; 8:9, 26, 27, 29; 9:2, 4, 5, 21, 24; 10:1, 2, 3, 4, 15, 17, 19; 12:7; 13:41; 14:7, 11, 12, 16, 18, 23, 24, 27, 29, 31, 53; 15:14, 15, 30; 16:1, 2, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 18, 30; 17:4, 5, 10; 18:23, 24, 27, 28, 30; 19:14, 15, 22, 32; 20:3, 5, 6, 23; 22:3; 23:11, 20, 28, 40; 24:3, 4, 6, 8; 26:7, 8, 10, 17, 37; 27:8, 11.

[5] נִיחוֹחַ  = pacifying. Leviticus 1:9, 13, 17; 2:2, 9, 12; 3:5, 16; 4:31; 6:15, 21; 8:21, 28; 17:6; 23:13, 18; 26:31.

Leviticus 1 quotes:

“He is giving people the opportunity to simply bring what they can afford. If they could not bring a bullock to the Brazen Altar, they were welcome to present their hearts before Him with something as simple as a pigeon! The real issue here is our willingness to give our ALL to the Lord. The issue has nothing to do with comparing our sacrifice to someone else’s. The sole question is whether we have given our ALL.”

Stringer, Doug. Born to Die : So We May Live. Bridge-Logos, 2006. p. 32.

“In sum, Leviticus 1-7 discuss a variety of laws and sacrifices unified by the call to holiness, the value of communal ritual, and the benefits that come from embracing and maintaining right relationship with God. The priests and attendants of the sanctuary must have the proper interior disposition and perform their duties according to proper form. These values flow into the theme of ordination in chapters 8-10. The priest has prestige and responsibilities, but his vocation is fraught with danger as the death of Nadab and Abihu will show.”

Owens, J. Edward. Leviticus. Liturgical Press, 2011. p. 28.

“Our problem, we think (amazingly, for Christians!), is how to get God close. The Bible’s problem, more often, is what to do when God draws very close, maybe even to “tabernacle” with us, on the way: “The Word became flesh and lived among us, and we have seen his glory, the glory as of a father’s only son, full of grace and truth” John 1:14). Leviticus’s “Manual of Sacrifice” (a possible title for the first seven chapters of Leviticus), one of the most profound answers to this dilemma in all of Scripture, begins right here.”

Boyce, Richard Nelson. Leviticus and Numbers. 1st ed, Westminster John Knox Press, 2008. p. 12.

Leviticus 1 links:

a soothing aroma
complete devotion
Leviticus as Christology
Leviticus as scripture
not divided completely


Maranatha Daily Devotional – Monday, April 1, 2019
Maranatha Daily Devotional – Monday, April 3, 2023


LEVITICUS in Jeff’s library

Exodus 40

Exodus 40

Exodus 40:1 Yahveh spoke to Moses, and this is what he said,

Exodus 40:2 “On the first day of the first month you should put up the tabernacle of the conference tent.

Exodus 40:3 And you should put in it the ark of the reminder, and you should hide the ark with the veil.

Exodus 40:4 And you should bring in the table and arrange it, and you should bring in the lampstand and set up its lamps.

Exodus 40:5 And you should put the golden altar for incense before the ark of the reminder and set up the partition for the door of the tabernacle.

Exodus 40:6 You should set the altar of ascending offering before the door of the tabernacle of the conference tent,

Exodus 40:7 and place the basin between the conference tent and the altar and put water in it.

Exodus 40:8 And you should set up the court all around and hang up the screen for the gate of the court.

Exodus 40:9 “Then you should take the anointing oil and anoint the tabernacle and all that is in it, and consecrate it and all its furniture, so that it may become sacred.

Exodus 40:10 You should also anoint the altar of ascending offering and all its utensils, and consecrate the altar, so that the altar may become most sacred.

Exodus 40:11 You should also anoint the basin and its stand and consecrate it.

Exodus 40:12 Then you should bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance of the conference tent and should wash them with water

Exodus 40:13 and put on Aaron the sacred uniform. And you should anoint him and consecrate him, so that he may serve me as priest.

Exodus 40:14 You should bring his sons also and put coats on them,

Exodus 40:15 and anoint them, just as you anointed their father, so that they may serve me as priests. And their anointing should admit them to a permanent priesthood throughout their generations.”

Exodus 40:16 This Moses did; according to all that Yahveh instructed him, so he did.

Exodus 40:17 In the first month in the second year, on the first day of the month, the tabernacle was set up.

Exodus 40:18 Moses set up the tabernacle. He laid its bases, and set up its frames, and put in its poles, and raised up its pillars.

Exodus 40:19 And he spread the tent over the tabernacle and put the covering of the tent over it, as Yahveh had instructed Moses.

Exodus 40:20 He took the reminder and put it into the ark and put the poles on the ark and placed the propitiatory lid above on the ark.

Exodus 40:21 And he brought the ark into the tabernacle and set up the veil of the screen, and screened the ark of the reminder, as Yahveh had commanded Moses.

Exodus 40:22 He put the table in the conference tent, on the north side of the tabernacle, outside the veil,

Exodus 40:23 and arranged the bread on it before Yahveh, as Yahveh had commanded Moses.

Exodus 40:24 He put the lampstand in the conference tent, opposite the table on the south side of the tabernacle,

Exodus 40:25 and set up the lamps before Yahveh, as Yahveh had instructed Moses.

Exodus 40:26 He put the golden altar in the conference tent before the veil,

Exodus 40:27 and burned fragrant incense on it, as Yahveh had commanded Moses.

Exodus 40:28 He put in place the screen for the door of the tabernacle.

Exodus 40:29 And he set the altar of ascending offering at the entrance of the tabernacle of the conference tent and offered on it the ascending offering and the grain offering, as Yahveh had commanded Moses.

Exodus 40:30 He set the basin between the conference tent and the altar, and put water in it for washing,

Exodus 40:31 with which Moses and Aaron and his sons were to their hands and their feet.

Exodus 40:32 When they went into the conference tent, and when they approached the altar, they would wash, as Yahveh had instructed Moses.

Exodus 40:33 And he erected the court around the tabernacle and the altar and set up the screen of the gate of the court. So, Moses finished the work.

Exodus 40:34 Then the cloud covered the conference tent, and the glory of Yahveh filled the tabernacle.

Exodus 40:35 And Moses was not able to enter the conference tent because the cloud settled on it, and the glory of Yahveh filled the tabernacle.

Exodus 40:36 Throughout all their journeys, whenever the cloud ascended from over the tabernacle, the people of Israel would set out.

Exodus 40:37 But if the cloud had not ascended, then they did not set out till the day that it ascended.

Exodus 40:38 Because the cloud of Yahveh was on the tabernacle by day, and fire was in it by night, in the sight of all the house of Israel throughout all their journeys.

Exodus 40 quotes:

“The Tent of the Congregation (Exodus 40:34-35)— This was to be the place where the congregation gathered together at the door for festival days and worship. Even as they gathered unto the door of the Tabernacle, so also we gather to the Door, the Lord Jesus Christ who declared, ‘I am the door.’”

Conner, Kevin J. The Tabernacle of Moses. Bible Temple Pub., 1975. p. 9.

“Because the tabernacle was built to be transportable, the people realized from the beginning that God did not need nor intend to stay rooted in any one particular geographic place. The Book of Exodus concludes with these words: “For the cloud of the. Lord was on the tabernacle by day, and the fire was in the cloud by night.”

March, W. Eugene. Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers. Abingdon Press, 2012. p. 48.

“Moses and his band of co-workers were able within the space of one year to erect the tabernacle according to the plan and thoughts of God. They experienced that most holy moment when the cloud of the glory of God filled the dwelling place. Thus, a holy place was made and dedicated where the Eternal One could have wonderful fellowship with His redeemed people (Exodus 40:34-38).”

Kiene, Paul F. The Tabernacle of God in the Wilderness of Sinai. Zondervan Pub. House, 1977. p. 23.

Exodus 40 links:

Exodus- a finished (?)  work
finishing touches
the glowing cloud

Maranatha Daily Devotional – Wednesday, March 31, 2021


EXODUS in Jeff’s library

Resources for preaching Conditionalism


Jefferson Vann is a former missionary with the Advent Christian General Conference who now serves as Pastor of Piney Grove Advent Christian Church in Delco, North Carolina. He is the author of 46 books, including the two series mentioned below.


Conditional Immortality is the belief that eternal life is a blessing reserved only for the saved. Conditionalists hold that unbelievers will be raised at the return of Christ, judged and appropriately punished for their sins, and will die the second death in a place called Gehenna. We do not believe that God created all human beings with an immortal part that even he cannot destroy. When people die, they do not continue to live in a disembodied state. They actually die, ceasing to function until raised to life again consciously. This intermediate state is called “sleep” in the Bible. The Resurrection will wake all the dead, but only the saved will experience permanent life. The lost will literally perish.

Does your pastor preach conditionalism? Here are some resources that would help your pastor understand, preach, and teach the doctrines of conditionalism more clearly.

An Advent Christian Systematic Theology is a four-volume work that answers many typical questions about God, human nature, Christ, sin, salvation, and ultimate destiny.

Each volume is available in paperback (print-on-demand) and is currently being sold by Amazon for $15.

The 4-volume set is $60.


The Afterlife Archives is a series of five books that focus on conditionalism’s doctrines. These doctrines include God’s exclusive immortality, humanity’s potential for immortality, the unconscious sleep of the dead during the intermediate state, the resurrection to eternal life for the saved, and the resurrection to condemnation and the second death for the lost.

The set of all five paperback books in the Afterlife Archives series is currently available for $17.95. These prices may change on October 31st, 2025, but they will stay in effect for those who wish to bless their pastors with these resources during Pastor Appreciation Month (October).

Click on the pictures above to purchase the books.

Exodus 39

Exodus 39

Exodus 39:1 From the blue and purple and scarlet yarns they made intricately woven garments, for ministering in the Sacred Place. They made the sacred garments for Aaron, as Yahveh had commanded Moses.

Exodus 39:2 He made the ephod of gold, blue and purple and scarlet yarns, and fine twined linen.

Exodus 39:3 And they hammered out gold leaf, and he cut it into threads to work into the blue and purple and the scarlet yarns, and into the fine twined linen, in skilled design.

Exodus 39:4 They made for the ephod attaching shoulder pieces, joined to it at its two edges.

Exodus 39:5 And the skillfully woven band on it was fashioned of one piece with it and made like it, of gold, blue and purple and scarlet yarns, and fine twined linen, as Yahveh had commanded Moses.

Exodus 39:6 They made the onyx stones, enclosed in settings of gold filigree, and engraved like the engravings of a signet, according to the names of the sons of Israel.

Exodus 39:7 And he set them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod to be stones of remembrance for the sons of Israel, as Yahveh had commanded Moses.

Exodus 39:8 He made the sacred pouch, the work of a skilled worker, in the style of the ephod, of gold, blue and purple and scarlet yarns, and fine twined linen.

Exodus 39:9 It was square. They made the sacred pouch double, a span its length and a span its breadth when doubled.

Exodus 39:10 And they set in it four rows of stones. A row of sardius, topaz, and carbuncle was the first row;

Exodus 39:11 and the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond;

Exodus 39:12 and the third row, a jacinth, an agate, and an amethyst;

Exodus 39:13 and the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper. They were enclosed in settings of gold filigree.

Exodus 39:14 There were twelve stones with their names according to the names of the sons of Israel. They were like signets, each engraved with its name, for the twelve tribes.

Exodus 39:15 And they made on the sacred pouch twisted chains like cords, of pure gold.

Exodus 39:16 And they made two settings of gold filigree and two gold rings and put the two rings on the two edges of the sacred pouch.

Exodus 39:17 And they put the two cords of gold in the two rings at the edges of the sacred pouch.

Exodus 39:18 They attached the two ends of the two cords to the two settings of filigree. This is how they attached it in front to the shoulder pieces of the ephod.

Exodus 39:19 Then they made two rings of gold and put them at the two ends of the sacred pouch, on its inside edge next to the ephod.

Exodus 39:20 And they made two rings of gold and attached them in front to the lower part of the two shoulder pieces of the ephod, at its seam above the skillfully woven band of the ephod.

Exodus 39:21 And they bound the sacred pouch by its rings to the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, so that it would lie on the skillfully woven band of the ephod, and that the sacred pouch would not come loose from the ephod, as Yahveh had commanded Moses.

Exodus 39:22 He also made the robe of the ephod all of blue, woven together,

Exodus 39:23 and the collar of the robe in it was like the collar in a garment, with a reinforcement around the opening, so that it might not tear.

Exodus 39:24 On the hem of the robe they made pomegranates of blue and purple and scarlet yarns and fine twined linen.

Exodus 39:25 They also made bells of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates all around the hem of the robe, between the pomegranates-

Exodus 39:26 a bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate around the hem of the robe for ministering, as Yahveh had instructed Moses.

Exodus 39:27 They also made the coats, woven of fine linen, for Aaron and his sons,

Exodus 39:28 and the turban of fine linen, and the caps of fine linen, and the linen undergarments of fine twined linen,

Exodus 39:29 and the sash of fine twined linen and of blue and purple and scarlet yarns, embroidered with needlework, as Yahveh had instructed Moses.

Exodus 39:30 They made the plate of the sacred crown of pure gold, and wrote on it an inscription, like the engraving of a signet, “Sacred to Yahveh.”

Exodus 39:31 And they tied to it a cord of blue to fasten it on the turban above, as Yahveh had instructed Moses.

Exodus 39:32 This is how all the work of the tabernacle of the conference tent was finished, and the people of Israel did according to all that Yahveh had instructed Moses; they did it so.

Exodus 39:33 Then they presented the tabernacle to Moses, the tent and all its utensils, its hooks, its frames, its bars, its pillars, and its bases;

Exodus 39:34 the covering of tanned rams’ skins and goatskins, and the protecting veil;

Exodus 39:35 the ark of the reminder with its carrying poles and the atonement cover;

Exodus 39:36 the table with all its utensils, and the Face bread;

Exodus 39:37 the lampstand of pure gold and its lamps with the lamps set and all its utensils, and the oil to fuel the light;

Exodus 39:38 the golden altar, the anointing oil and the fragrant incense, and the screen for the entrance of the tent;

Exodus 39:39 the bronze altar, and its grating of bronze, its poles, and all its utensils; the basin and its stand;

Exodus 39:40 the hangings of the court, its pillars, and its bases, and the screen for the gate of the court, its cords, and its pegs; and all the utensils for the service of the tabernacle, for the conference tent;

Exodus 39:41 the finely worked uniforms for ministering in the Sacred Place, the sacred uniforms for Aaron the priest, and the uniforms of his sons for their service as priests.

Exodus 39:42 According to all that Yahveh had instructed Moses, so the people of Israel had done all the work.

Exodus 39:43 And Moses saw all the work and noticed they had accomplished it; as Yahveh had instructed, so had they accomplished it. Then Moses blessed them.

Exodus 39 quotes:

“Exodus 39 is a record of the making of the garments of the priests. The holy garments with the shoulder pieces and the breastplate of gold and precious stones signify the fellowship of the Body of Christ brought in through the priestly ministry. By this fellowship the Lord’s people can minister to the Lord and minister to His people, and by this fellowship the mind, the thought, and the will of God concerning His people are revealed.”

Lee, Witness. Spiritual Applications of the Tabernacle. Living Stream Ministry, 1987. p. 91.

“A study of Exodus 39-40 reveals that seventeen times we are told that Moses built the Tabernacle “as the Lord commanded Moses.’’ In addition, at least seven times in other places he is told to make all things according to God’s pattern. Nothing was left to the mind or imagination of man. Everything was to be made according to God’s pattern. God can only bless and seal with glory that which is done according to the standard of His Word. The New Testament Church will also have to measure up to the pattern of God.”

Conner, Kevin J. The Tabernacle of Moses. Bible Temple Pub., 1975. p. 10.

“The dress code for the Levites was not prescribed. There were no canonical robes appointed for them, but the dress code of the priest was regulated. Normally, the priest wore a robe or gown of linen. It covered his whole body from his neck to his ankles with full sleeves. It was so fine, it resembled silk. White in color, it was woven on the loom (Exodus 39:27) and was probably seamless. The robe of the high priest was most certainly seamless. The Hebrews knew and practiced the art of seamless garment making.”

Small, P. Douglas. Principles of Worship : A Study of the Tabernacle of Moses. Revised, Alive Publications, 2013. p. 275.

Exodus 39 links:

a good start
a uniform for ministering
Exodus- serving in God’s name
remembering who you serve
revisiting the sacred pouch


Maranatha Daily Devotional – Friday, March 29, 2019


EXODUS in Jeff’s library

Exodus 38

Exodus 38

Exodus 38:1 He made the altar of ascending offering of acacia wood. Its length was five cubits, and its breadth five cubits. It was square, and three cubits was its height.

Exodus 38:2 He made horns for it on its four corners. Its horns were carved of one piece with it, and he plated it with bronze.

Exodus 38:3 And he made all the utensils of the altar, the pots, the shovels, the basins, the forks, and the fire pans. He made all its utensils of bronze.

Exodus 38:4 And he made for the altar a grating, a network of bronze, under its ledge, extending halfway down.

Exodus 38:5 He cast four rings on the four corners of the bronze grating as houses for the poles.

Exodus 38:6 He made the poles of acacia wood and plated them with bronze.

Exodus 38:7 And he put the poles through the rings on the sides of the altar to carry it with them. He made it hollow, with boards.

Exodus 38:8 He made the basin of bronze and its stand of bronze, fashioned from the mirrors of the ministering women who ministered in the entrance of the conference tent.

Exodus 38:9 And he made the courtyard. On the south side the hangings of the courtyard were made of fine twined linen, a hundred cubits long;

Exodus 38:10 their twenty pillars and their twenty bases were of bronze, but the hooks of the pillars and their bands were of silver.

Exodus 38:11 And on the north side there were hangings a hundred cubits long, their twenty pillars, their twenty bases were of bronze, but the hooks of the pillars and their bands were of silver.

Exodus 38:12 And on the west side were hangings fifty cubits long, their ten pillars, and their ten bases; the hooks of the pillars and their bands were of silver.

Exodus 38:13 And on the front to the east, fifty cubits long.

Exodus 38:14 The hangings for one side of the gate were fifteen cubits, with their three pillars and three bases.

Exodus 38:15 And also for the other side. On both sides of the gate of the courtyard were hangings fifteen cubits long, with their three pillars and their three bases.

Exodus 38:16 All the hangings around the courtyard were of fine twined linen.

Exodus 38:17 And the bases for the pillars were of bronze, but the hooks of the pillars and their bands were of silver. The plating of their capitals was also of silver, and all the pillars of the courtyard were banded with silver.

Exodus 38:18 And the screen for the gate of the courtyard was embroidered with needlework in blue and purple and scarlet yarns and fine twined linen. It was twenty cubits long and five cubits high in its breadth, just like the hangings of the court.

Exodus 38:19 And their pillars were four in number. Their four bases were of bronze, their hooks of silver, and the plating of their capitals and their bands of silver.

Exodus 38:20 And all the pegs for the tabernacle and for the court all around were of bronze.

Exodus 38:21 These are the specifications of the tabernacle, the tabernacle of the reminder, as they were recorded by Moses’ command, detailing the responsibility of the Levites under the direction of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.

Exodus 38:22 Bezalel the son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah, made all that Yahveh commanded Moses;

Exodus 38:23 and with him was Oholiab the son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, an engraver and designer and embroiderer in blue and purple and scarlet yarns and fine twined linen.

Exodus 38:24 All the gold that was used for the work, in all the construction of the sanctuary, the gold that was contributed, was twenty-nine talents and 730 shekels, according to the shekel of the sanctuary.

Exodus 38:25 The silver from those of the congregation who were recorded was a hundred talents and 1,775 shekels, according to the shekel of the sanctuary:

Exodus 38:26 a beka per person (that is, half a shekel, by the shekel of the sanctuary), for everyone who was listed in the records, from twenty years old and upward, for 603,550 men.

Exodus 38:27 The hundred talents of silver were for casting the bases of the sanctuary and the bases of the veil; a hundred bases for the hundred talents, a talent a base.

Exodus 38:28 And from the 1,775 shekels he made hooks for the pillars and overlaid their capitals and made bowls for them.

Exodus 38:29 The bronze that was offered was seventy talents and 2,400 shekels;

Exodus 38:30 with it he made the bases for the entrance of the conference tent, the bronze altar and the bronze grating for it and all the utensils of the altar,

Exodus 38:31 the bases around the court, and the bases of the gate of the court, all the pegs of the tabernacle, and all the pegs around the court.

Exodus 38 quotes:

“Of minor interest in this passage is the fact that women in those days used mirrors as a means of checking on their appearance. They made them out of polished bronze. These they now willingly gave up to serve as material for the bronze basin which the priests used to wash themselves. Of greater interest is the fact that women served at the entrance of the tabernacle. Their presence is also mentioned in 1 Samuel 2:22. What service these women performed is not explained. Perhaps they dedicated themselves to a life of prayer and fasting, as we hear about later in the case of Anna at the time of Christ, mentioned in Luke 2:36-37. Perhaps they were women who devoted themselves to a life of virginity in order to serve the Lord with praying and fasting, as some suppose happened in the case of Jephthah’s daughter, recorded in Judges 11:39. The Bible does not give us any details on this matter.”

Wendland, Ernst H. Exodus. Northwestern Pub. House, 1984. p. 274.

“he si/ver obtained from those of the community who were counted in the census was 100 talents and 1,775 shekels, according to the sanctuary shekel—one beka per person, that is, half a shekel, according to the sanctuary shekel, from everyone who had crossed over to those counted, twenty years old or more, a total of 603,550 men. The 100 talents of silver were used to cast the bases for the sanctuary and for the curtain—100 bases from the 100 talents, one talent for each base. (Exodus 38:25-27)”

Brittingham, Les. Tabernacle of Grace. Tate Publishing, 2016. p. 79.

“We have seen that the church is built on the basis of the redemption of Christ, as typified by the one hundred silver sockets (Exo. 36:24, 26, 30, 36). The whole tabernacle was grounded on the silver sockets. The base and foundation of the silver sockets is one of the most significant aspects of the tabernacle. Exodus 38:27 tells us that the sockets were very large and heavy, each being of one talent, the equivalent of almost one hundred pounds. The heaviest part of the tabernacle was the foundation. The tabernacle was not grounded on the earth. It was based and grounded on the silver sockets. It was something different from the earth and separated from the earth. This shows us that the church is not grounded or built upon something of the earth but on something apart from the earth, the full and weighty redemption of Christ.”

Lee, Witness. Spiritual Applications of the Tabernacle. Living Stream Ministry, 1987. p. 59.

Exodus 38 links:

distance to holiness
Exodus- the outer court
silver and gold


EXODUS in Jeff’s library